Protective Antibodies Against Influenza Proteins

Padilla-Quirarte, Herbey Oswaldo; López-Guerrero, Delia Vanesa; Gutiérrez‐Xicoténcatl, Lourdes; Esquivel-Guadarrama, Fernando

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01677

Cited by 81 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 125 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Peptides contained within decade 21-30 and the two decades 51-70, shown in Figure 2, appear to contain the vast majority of the CD4 T cell epitopes. Conversely, there are extended regions of HA that are relatively devoid of CD4 T cell epitopes, notably the first two decades (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and final two decades. The segments of high and very low reactivity, as well as the segments that have only minor epitopes are indicated on the amino acid sequence of the HA protein in red, dark grey, and cream, respectively, in Figure 3.…”

Section: Distribution Of Dominant and Subdominant Cd4 T Cell Epitopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) is a major target of influenza vaccination because of the importance that this molecule plays in mediating binding and infection of influenza virus on host cells. Because of this function, antibodies elicited by most influenza vaccine strategies have the potential to provide sterilizing immunity to influenza infection in the host (reviewed in [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]). CD4 T cells specific for HA are also critical in the protective antibody responses to infection and vaccination because of their role in the germinal center response, high affinity antibody production and B cell memory (reviewed in [8][9][10]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Peptide Epitope Hot Spots of CD4 T Cell Recognition Within Influenza Hemagglutinin During the Primary Response to Infection

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antibodies specific for the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of influenza virus are critical for protective immunity to infection. Our studies show that CD4 T cells specific for epitopes derived from HA are the most effective in providing help for the HA-specific B cell responses to infection and vaccination. In this study, we asked whether HA epitopes recognized by CD4 T cells in the primary response to infection are equally distributed across the HA protein or if certain segments are enriched in CD4 T cell epitopes. Mice that collectively expressed eight alternative MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) class II molecules, that would each have different peptide binding specificities, were infected with an H1N1 influenza virus. CD4 T cell peptide epitope specificities were identified by cytokine EliSpots. These studies revealed that the HA-specific CD4 T cell epitopes cluster in two distinct regions of HA and that some segments of HA are completely devoid of CD4 T cell epitopes. When located on the HA structure, it appears that the regions that most poorly recruit CD4 T cells are sequestered within the interior of the HA trimer, perhaps inaccessible to the proteolytic machinery inside the endosomal compartments of antigen presenting cells.

show abstract

Section: Distribution Of Dominant and Subdominant Cd4 T Cell Epitopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide Epitope Hot Spots of CD4 T Cell Recognition Within Influenza Hemagglutinin During the Primary Response to Infection

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Detectable levels of class-switched antibody are found approximately two weeks following influenza infection [77,78]. These high-affinity antibodies can then act to interfere with viral binding, viral replication, or target infected cells for killing via mechanisms such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) [79,80]. Following successful viral clearance, cells of the immune system become relatively quiescent once again, leaving a pool of memory T and B cells in addition to protective antibodies that will lead to resistance against future influenza infection [81][82][83].…”

Section: The Host Immune Response To Influenza Virus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can occur by antibodies that interfere with viral binding to target cells (e.g., neutralization) or by inhibiting the "life-cycle" of the virus (e.g., by preventing viral release from infected cells). Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity is another mechanism for killing virally infected cells, which illustrates another important function that antibodies have [79,80]. In addition to antibodies, a recall response of memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells allows for protection against influenza virus infection [133,134].…”

Section: Vaccination Strategies For Protecting Public Health Vary Acrmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Vaccinating Children and Pregnant Women against Influenza Virus Infection

Misra

Nayak

2019

Pathogens

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Influenza virus infection is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in the pediatric and pregnant women populations, with deaths frequently caused by severe influenza-associated lower respiratory tract infection and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). An appropriate immune response requires controlling the viral infection through activation of antiviral defenses, which involves cells of the lung and immune system. High levels of viral infection or high levels of inflammation in the lower airways can contribute to ARDS. Pregnant women and young children, especially those born prematurely, may develop serious complications if infected with influenza virus. Vaccination against influenza will lead to lower infection rates and fewer complications, even if the vaccine is poorly matched to circulating viral strains, with maternal vaccination offering infants protection via antibody transmission through the placenta and breast milk. Despite the health benefits of the influenza vaccine, vaccination rates around the world remain well below targets. Trust in the use of vaccines among the public must be restored in order to increase vaccination rates and decrease the public health burden of influenza.

show abstract

“…Previous antibody protective efficiency was measured by their capability to prevent HA binding via neutralization assay and hemagglutination inhibition assay [14,15], antibodies without these Viruses 2020, 12, 276 3 of 20 functions were less well defined. However, increasing evidence suggests that non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs) can confer protection via multiple mechanisms without disturbing virus entry or membrane fusion, such as activating complement, increasing phagocytosis, targeting internal viral proteins and eliciting fragment crystallizable (Fc)-effector functions [16][17][18][19]. Unlike neutralizing antibodies, nnAbs do not bind to the RBS in the HA head and fail to inhibit hemagglutination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza A Virus Antibodies with Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Function

Gao

Sheng

Sreenivasan

et al. 2020

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Influenza causes millions of cases of hospitalizations annually and remains a public health concern on a global scale. Vaccines are developed and have proven to be the most effective countermeasures against influenza infection. Their efficacy has been largely evaluated by hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) titers exhibited by vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies, which correlate fairly well with vaccine-conferred protection. Contrarily, non-neutralizing antibodies and their therapeutic potential are less well defined, yet, recent advances in anti-influenza antibody research indicate that non-neutralizing Fc-effector activities, especially antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), also serve as a critical mechanism in antibody-mediated anti-influenza host response. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with Fc-effector activities have the potential for prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of influenza infection. Inducing mAbs mediated Fc-effector functions could be a complementary or alternative approach to the existing neutralizing antibody-based prevention and therapy. This review mainly discusses recent advances in Fc-effector functions, especially ADCC and their potential role in influenza countermeasures. Considering the complexity of anti-influenza approaches, future vaccines may need a cocktail of immunogens in order to elicit antibodies with broad-spectrum protection via multiple protective mechanisms.Viruses 2020, 12, 276 2 of 20 the infected cell, HA on the virion still interacts with the SA receptors on the host cell membrane. The tetrameric NA spike functions to release the viral progeny through cleaving α-ketosidic linkage between the SA and an adjacent sugar residue [5].α-ketosidic linkage between the SA and an adjacent sugar residue [5].The HA and NA proteins are also highly immunogenic and antibodies targeting both glycoproteins can be isolated after natural infection or vaccination. Through binding to viral surface proteins HA and NA, antibodies can block the essential steps in the virus replication cycle, thereby limiting the spread of infection. Due to the host immune pressure and error-prone RNA polymerase, HA and NA are very plastic and display difference in antigenic properties. According to the antigenic difference, influenza A virus can divide into 18 HA (H1-H18) and 11 NA (N1-N11) subtypes [6]. According to the Weekly U.S. Influenza Surveillance Report released by CDC, H1N1(pdm09) and B/Victoria lineage viruses are equally dominant and responsible for the majority of death cases during the 2019-2020 influenza season [7].

show abstract

Protective Antibodies Against Influenza Proteins

Cited by 81 publications

References 125 publications

Peptide Epitope Hot Spots of CD4 T Cell Recognition Within Influenza Hemagglutinin During the Primary Response to Infection

Peptide Epitope Hot Spots of CD4 T Cell Recognition Within Influenza Hemagglutinin During the Primary Response to Infection

The Importance of Vaccinating Children and Pregnant Women against Influenza Virus Infection

Influenza A Virus Antibodies with Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Function

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About