Protective Effect of a Polyherbal Aqueous Extract Comprised ofNigella sativa(Seeds),Hemidesmus indicus(Roots), andSmilax glabra(Rhizome) on Bleomycin Induced Cytogenetic Damage in Human Lymphocytes

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the chemoprotective potential of a polyherbal aqueous decoction comprised of Nigella sativa (seeds), Hemidesmus indicus (roots), and Smilax glabra (rhizome) against bleomycin induced cytogenetic damage in human lymphocytes. Isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were exposed to bleomycin at a dose of 40 µg/mL for 2 hrs in the presence or absence of different doses of the decoction (100, 300, and 600 µg/mL). Modulatory effect of the decoction on bleomycin induced cytogenetic damage was evaluated by (a) degree of chromosomal aberrations (CA), (b) formation of micronuclei (MN), and (c) induction of γH2AX foci in lymphocytes exposed to bleomycin. Lymphocytes pretreated with the decoction showed that a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in bleomycin induced (a) stable and unstable chromosome aberrations (CA), (b) MN formation, and (c) formation of γH2AX foci, when compared to lymphocytes treated only with bleomycin. The decoction by itself did not induce any significant cytogenetic damage in PBLs. Overall results of the present study confirm that the decoction can attenuate the cytogenetic damage mediated by bleomycin in human PBLs.

Assessment of <i>In Vitro</i> Antigenotoxic Effect of <i>Nigella Sativa</i> Oil

“…In our study, N. sativa oil was used instead of N. sativa seeds and only micronucleus frequency was examined. However, when the results were examined, similar to the results of Galhena et al 25 , Hashem et al 10 concluded that N. sativa oil is potentially protective against carbendazim-induced hematoxixity, hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity. In this study, it was determined that N. sativa oil moderately improved in terms of micronucleus percentage and DNA fragmentation when applied together with carbendazim and mancozeb.…”

“…Similarly, in our study, it was observed that the amount of micronucleus decreased in the group in which CP was used together with N. sativa oil compared to the positive control group. In the study of Galhena et al 25 , a mixture of 100-600 µg/mL consisting of N. sativa seeds, Hemidesmus indicus (H. indicus) roots and Smilax glabra (S. glabra) rhizomes was applied to human lymphocyte culture together with bleomycin and chromosome aberrations such as dicentric chromosome, ascentric fragment, chromatid fractures were examined. According to the results of this study; N. sativa seeds, H. indicus roots and S. glabra rhizomes showed that the mixture has the potential to protect against cytogenetic damage caused by bleomycin in human peripheral lymphocytes.…”

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“…The paper reported by 10 & 11 that aqueous seed extracts of N. sativa have the ability to reduce the chromosome aberration in spermatocytes of the mouse when it was treated with CCl 4 . The protective effect of methanol extract of roots& shoots of Nigella sativa plant is used in assessing the anti-mutagenic potential on the bacterial strains of TA 1535 along with induced mutagen such as sodium azide 12 & also by bleomycin-induced cell damage in human lymphocytes has shown the result in decreasing the chromosome changes 13 . In other study using Nigella sativa seed, oil & TQ reduced the tumor effect in female rats induced by DMBA treatment 14, 15 .…”

Medicinal plants commonly used against cancer in traditional medicine formulae in Sri Lanka

“…Bleomycin is an anti-cancer drug which is shown to mediate DNA double-strand breaks in both cancer cells and normal cells. Thus, this decoction of Hemidesmus indicus could be used in cancer management (Galhena et al, 2017). Hemidesmus indicus is also used as a blood purifier and for skin diseases and gastric aliments (Resorts, 2017, Statti et al, 2015).…”