Protective Effect of Costus afer Aqueous Leaf Extract (CALE) on Low-Dose Heavy Metal Mixture-Induced Alterations in Serum Lipid Profile and Hematological Parameters of Male Wistar Albino Rats

Abstract

The present work investigated the protective effects of Costus afer Ker Gawl. aqueous leaf extract (CALE) on lipid profile and hematological changes induced by exposure to low-dose heavy metal mixture in male albino rats. The experimental animals were divided into six weight matched groups. The normal (group 1) and toxic (group 2) controls received deionized water and metal mixture (20 mg/kg PbCl2, 1.61 mg/kg CdCl2, and 0.40 mg/kg HgCl2), respectively. Test rats in groups 3, 4, and 5 were treated with metal mixture and CALE (750, 1500, and 2250 mg/kg, respectively), and group 6 received metal mixture and ZnCl2. All treatments were administered through oral gavage for 12 weeks. LDHMM caused a marked increase ( p < 0.05 ) in cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), percentage body weight gain, and feed and fluid intake. Also, a significant decrease in RBC, Hb, and PCV, a significant increase in WBC, and no significant increase in platelet PLT were observed in the metal mixture-treated group. But in CALE treated groups, their levels were found to attain almost normal values as found in normal control which is also similar to the zinc-treated group. Costus afer may hold a promise in improving lipid profile and hemodynamic picture in cardiovascular diseases.

Protective influence of Costus afer Aqueous Extract In Rats Fed With Crude Oil Contaminated Diet as Measured by Employing Biochemical Indices

“…The protective effects of this plant extract on hematological indices of rats exposed to metallic toxicant was reported previously [42 ]. Also,the efficacies of this plant in protecting against toxicant-related diseases are vast in the literature [43][44][45][46][47].…”

Selenium and zinc alleviate hepatotoxicity induced by heavy metal mixture (cadmium, mercury, lead and arsenic) via attenuation of inflammo‐oxidant pathways

“…Group 1: normal (negative) control received de-ionized water per oral once daily for 60 days while maintaining access to feed and water. 6,20 Group II: positive control received HMM (PbCl 2 , 20 mg kg À1 ; CdCl 2 , 1.61 mg kg À1 ; HgCl 2 , 0.40 mg kg À1 , and Na 2 AsO 3 , 10 mg kg À1 ) per oral for 60 days.…”

Hepatoprotective Effect of Costus Afer on Trace Metal Mixture Treated Rats Mediated by Regulation of Oxidative Stress Markers, Inflammatory Cytokines and Bio-Metal Chelation

“…After 90 days, the rats were anaesthetized with and sacri ced. The samples were collected according to the procedures recorded by Anyanwu et al (2020a;2020b).…”

“…All the glassware were thoroughly washed and rinsed before use. Calibration curves of Pb, Cd and Hg as previously described by Anyanwu et al (2020a;2020b). Solar thermo elemental ame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (Model SG 71906) was used to determine the levels of Pb, Cd and Hg at a detection limit of <0.001 mg/kg.…”