Protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding against hand, foot and mouth disease

Lin, Hualiang; Sun, Limei; Lin, Junfen; He, Jianfeng; Deng, Aiping; Kang, Min; Zeng, Hanri; Ma, Wenjun; Zhang, Yonghui

doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0645-6

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The study of Lin et al [28] supports this finding; children who had been breastfed for less than 6 months had a greater chance for HFMD infection than those who had been breastfed for more than 6 months. Zhang et al [29] reported that in a case-control study in China, breastfeeding was presented as a major factor for HFMD infection among young children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Factors associated with hand foot mouth disease among children in day care center, Chiang Rai, Thailand

Inta¹,

Apidechkul²,

Sittisarn³

et al. 2017

APJTD

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Factors associated with hand foot mouth disease among children in day care center, Chiang Rai, Thailand

Inta¹,

Apidechkul²,

Sittisarn³

et al. 2017

APJTD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…This may be because boys are more active than girls, and would therefore have more opportunity to be exposed to environments that contain the HFMD virus. Furthermore, studies have shown that breastfeeding has protective effects against HFMD [32], which may be why infants under one year of age have a lower incidence than children aged one to two years. In China, maternity leave is only four months, so children over the age of one year receive less protection via breast milk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Pattern and Risk Factor Analysis of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Associated with Under-Five Morbidity in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region of China

2017

IJERPH

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Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in children under the age of five is a major public health issue in China. Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei is the largest urban agglomeration in northern China. The present study aimed to analyze the epidemiological features of HFMD, reveal spatial clusters, and detect risk factors in this region. Reports of HFMD cases in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2013 were collected from 211 counties or municipal districts. First, the epidemiological features were explored, and then SaTScan analysis was carried out to detect spatial clusters of HFMD. Finally, GeoDetector and spatial paneled model were used to identify potential risk factors among the socioeconomic and meteorological variables. There were a total of 90,527 HFMD cases in the year 2013. The highest rate was in individuals aged one year, with an incidence of 24.76/103. Boys (55,168) outnumbered girls (35,359). Temporally, the incidence rose rapidly from April, peaking in June (4.08/103). Temperature, relative humidity and wind speed were positively associated with the incidence rate, while precipitation and sunshine hours had a negative association. The explanatory powers of these factors were 57%, 13%, 2%, 21% and 12%, respectively. Spatially, the highest-risk regions were located in Beijing and neighboring areas, with a relative risk (RR) value of 3.04. The proportion of primary industry was negatively associated with HFMD transmission, with an explanatory power of 32%. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, proportion of tertiary industry, and population density were positively associated with disease incidence, with explanatory powers of 22%, 17% and 15%, respectively. These findings may be helpful in the risk assessment of HFMD transmission and for implementing effective interventions to reduce the burden of this disease.

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“…Fatigue could be a marker for central nervous system involvement. According to the epidemic of EV-A71 in Taiwan in 1998, central nervous system involvement first developed in the most severe cases, followed by circulatory system involvement1718. In the most severe cases, patients developed tachycardia and cyanosis within 2 to 5 days after onset of HFMD, and died within 12 to 18 hours after onset of these symptoms1920.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case-control Study on Risk Factors for Severe Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Zhang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The objective of this study was to identify potential risk factors for severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). In this case-control study, 459 severe HFMD patients and 246 mild HFMD patients from Guangdong province and Henan province, China were included. Data comprising demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory findings and other factors were collected. Univariate analysis revealed 30 factors associated with severe cases. Further multivariate analysis indicated four independent risk factors: fatigue (p < 0.01, odd ratio [OR] = 204.7), the use of glucocorticoids (p = 0.03, OR = 10.44), the use of dehydrant drugs (p < 0.01, OR = 73.7) and maculopapular rash (p < 0.01, OR = 84.4); and one independent protective factor: herpes or ulcers in mouth (p = 0.01, OR = 0.02). However, more systematic research and validation are needed to understand the underlying risk factors for severe HFMD.

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Protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding against hand, foot and mouth disease

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

Factors associated with hand foot mouth disease among children in day care center, Chiang Rai, Thailand

Factors associated with hand foot mouth disease among children in day care center, Chiang Rai, Thailand

Spatio-Temporal Pattern and Risk Factor Analysis of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Associated with Under-Five Morbidity in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region of China

A Case-control Study on Risk Factors for Severe Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

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