Protective effect of locally applied carvacrol gel on ligature‐induced periodontitis in rats: a tapping mode AFM study

Botelho, Marco Antônio; Martins, Jose Galberto; Ruela, Ronaldo; Rachid, Ítalo; Santos, J. A. C.; Soares, José; França, Marcondes C.; Montenegro, D.; Ruela, Wagner Sousa; Barros, Lívia Moreira; Queiróz, Dinalva Brito de; Araújo, Rayanne Sales De; Sampio, F. C.

doi:10.1002/ptr.2798

Cited by 46 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The chemical compositions of essential oils in the present study, was consistent with other reports (Packer & Luz, 2007;Costa et al, 2008;Botelho et al, 2009b). In fact, essential oils contents and compositions could differ greatly even in the same genus, as well as in different ripening stage and different organs (Tirado et al,1995;Stashenko et al, 1996).…”

Section: Phythochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity Of Essensupporting

confidence: 92%

Phythochemical screening and antimicrobial activity phythochemical of essential oil from Lippia gracillis

Bitu¹,

Botelho²,

Costa³

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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Abstract:The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the fresh and dried leaves of Lippia gracillis Schauer, Verbenaceae, was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC⁄MS). The yield of essential oil extracted from the dried leaves was significantly higher (p<0.05) when compared to the fresh leaves. Seventeen components were identified. The monoterpenes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons with 96.26% (w/w) of the total oil obtained of fresh leaves and 86.99% (w/w) of the total oil obtained of dried leaves were the principal compound groups. Thymol was observed dominant (44.42%; 21.3%), followed by carvacrol (22.21%; 21.30%), p-cymene (6.23%; 8.58%), α-pinene (5.65%; 19.42%), β-caryophyllene (5.61%; 3.57%) and other minor constitutes, respectively. Microbiological results obtained by agar diffusion method, micro dilution method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed that the essential oil has a relevant antimicrobial activity against E. coli (ATCC 10536), E. coli (Ec 27), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), S. aureus (ATCC 12692) and S. aureus (Sa 358), with their inhibition zones ranging from 9 to 13 mm and the MIC ranging from 64 to 512 μg/mL.

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Section: Phythochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity Of Essensupporting

confidence: 92%

Phythochemical screening and antimicrobial activity phythochemical of essential oil from Lippia gracillis

Bitu¹,

Botelho²,

Costa³

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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“…19) However, the effects of carvacrol on osteoclastogenesis, and underlying molecular mechanisms have not been explored yet. This study analyzes the effects of carvacrol on osteoclast formation induced by RANKL and LPS, as well as its effects on RANKL signaling involved in osteoclastogenesis.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carvacrol Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Negatively Regulates the Survival of Mature Osteoclasts

Deepak

Kasonga

Kruger

et al. 2016

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Bone is a dynamic tissue that undergoes continuous remodeling coupled with the action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoclast activity is elevated during osteoporosis and periodontitis resulting in excessive loss of trabecular and alveolar bone. Osteoclasts are formed in an inflammatory response to cytokine production receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) and bacterial challenge lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Carvacrol, a monoterpenic phenol present in Origanum vulgare and Thymus vulgaris, is a natural compound with known medicinal properties. We investigated the effects of carvacrol Key words osteoclast; osteoporosis; periodontitis; receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL); lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Bone homeostasis is tightly coupled to the bone-forming activity of osteoblasts and bone-resorbing activity of osteoclasts.1) Osteoclasts are multi-nucleated cells that arise from hematopoietic progenitors of monocyte/macrophage lineage and specialize in bone resorption.2) Bone-loss related diseases such as osteoporosis and periodontitis are associated with increased osteoclast formation and elevated osteoclast activity. [3][4][5] Binding of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) to its receptor RANK in osteoclast precursors triggers trimerization of the receptor and subsequent activation of downstream signaling pathways that includes inhibitor of kappaB (IκB)-a/b kinase (IKK), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)-p38, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun Nterminal kinase (JNK).6) Activation of these pathways leads to the formation of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-positive (TRAP+) osteoclasts and bone resorption.Development of apical periodontitis is associated with the presence of microorganisms in the root canal system. 7) Gramnegative bacteria are the most common causative agents in endodontic infections. 8) Bacterial death causes release of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the necrotic pulp and dental wall of periapically affected teeth. 9) LPS elicits alveolar bone loss during periodontitis. 10) LPS stimulates the secretion of cytokines by osteoclast precursors such as monocytes and macrophages, resulting in osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vitro and in vivo.11) Earlier studies have also shown that injection of LPS into mouse gingiva induces alveolar bone resorption. 12)

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“…Although very few studies have examined the role of natural products in controlling periodontitis, Botelho et al 8 recently tested a locally-applied carvacrol gel (Lippia sidoides derivatives) and determined its efficacy in controlling bone loss in experimental periodontitis in rats. The authors showed evidence that this natural chemical agent preserved alveolar bone resorption and showed anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities in periodontitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Natural products represent a significant source of substances for use in the control of oral diseases, especially in managing plaque-related diseases such as gingivitis. [4][5][6][7][8] Brazil is said to be the richest country in the world in terms of its biodiversity, and few data are available about the pharmacological and chemical potential of its flora as a source of new medicines. In previous investigations developed by our research group, Declaration of Interests: The authors certify that they have no commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effect of an organic extract obtained from Ipomoea alba L. on experimental periodontitis in rats

et al. 2012

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Evaluation of the effect of an organic extract obtained from Ipomoea alba L. on experimental periodontitis in rats Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an organic extract obtained from Ipomoea alba L. (Convolvulaceae or OE 1493), on experimental periodontal disease in rats. Periodontitis was induced in thirty six Wistar rats: a first mandibular molar was randomly assigned to receive a ligature, whereas the contralateral molar was left unligated. Animals were randomly assigned to two groups and treated topically, three times a day, for 11 days, as follows: Control Group -vehicle-treated (n = 18), and Test Group -OE 1493-treated (n = 18). The rats were sacrificed on the 12 th day. Morphometrical measurements from the cementoenamel junction to the bone crest were performed to determine alveolar bone loss, using standardized photographs. Single-and multi-dose acute toxicity assays were carried out after OE 1493 treatment. Morphometrical analysis demonstrated that topically-administered OE 1493 showed no effect on reducing bone loss when compared with the control group (p > 0.05). In addition, OE 1493 did not present toxicity. Within the limits of this investigation, it may be concluded that OE 1493 did not show any positive influence on the progression of ligature-induced periodontitis in rats, when administered according to the regimen used in the present study.

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Protective effect of locally applied carvacrol gel on ligature‐induced periodontitis in rats: a tapping mode AFM study

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Phythochemical screening and antimicrobial activity phythochemical of essential oil from Lippia gracillis

Phythochemical screening and antimicrobial activity phythochemical of essential oil from Lippia gracillis

Carvacrol Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Negatively Regulates the Survival of Mature Osteoclasts

Evaluation of the effect of an organic extract obtained from Ipomoea alba L. on experimental periodontitis in rats

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