Protective effect of N-acetyl cysteine against radiotherapy-induced cardiac damage

Us, Songül Barlaz; Vezir, Özden; Yıldırım, Metin; Bayrak, Gülşen; Yalın, Serap; Ballı, Ebru; Yalın, Ali Erdinç; Çömelekoğlu, Ülkü

doi:10.1080/09553002.2020.1721605

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The major action of NAC is the increase in glutathione levels, which facilitates the prevention against the pathologies linked to free radicals and reactive species [ 25 ]. Mainly supported by experiments on exposed rats, first RT trials with NAC have revealed a significant heart and lung protection [ 26 , 27 ]. However, whatever the antioxidants tested, the experimental protocols are so various that a very small minority of trials involved the same drug, which does not permit to conclude a real benefit of any antioxidative drug during anticancer RT, and reciprocally, it does not facilitate reliable intercomparisons between the different antioxidants [ 2 , 3 ] ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies

et al. 2023

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The radiation protection strategy with chemical agents has long been based on an antioxidative approach consisting in reducing the number of radical oxygen and nitrogen species responsible for the formation of the radiation-induced (RI) DNA damage, notably the DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), whose subset participates in the RI lethal effect as unrepairable damage. Conversely, a DSB repair-stimulating strategy that may be called the “pro-episkevic” approach (from the ancient Greek episkeve, meaning repair) can be proposed. The pro-episkevic approach directly derives from a mechanistic model based on the RI nucleoshuttling of the ATM protein (RIANS) and contributes to increase the number of DSB managed by NHEJ, the most predominant DSB repair and signaling pathway in mammalians. Here, three radioresistant and three radiosensitive human fibroblast cell lines were pretreated with antioxidative agents (N-acetylcysteine or amifostine) or to two pro-episkevic agents (zoledronate or pravastatin or both (ZOPRA)) before X-ray irradiation. The fate of the RI DSB was analyzed by using γH2AX and pATM immunofluorescence. While amifostine pretreatment appeared to be the most efficient antioxidative process, ZOPRA shows the most powerful radiation protection, suggesting that the pro-episkevic strategy may be an alternative to the antioxidative one. Additional investigations are needed to develop some new drugs that may elicit both antioxidative and pro-episkevic properties and to quantify the radiation protection action of both types of drugs applied concomitantly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies

et al. 2023

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“…Prevention is mainly focused on using modern irradiation techniques with reducing heart's exposure to radiation such as prone positioning, deep inspiratory breath holding, intensity modulated techniques, intraoperative irradiation ( 197 ). Yet, there is no medicament to reduce radiation damage but in rat models N-acetyl cysteine ameliorated cardiac injury induced by RT and hence possibly could be used as radioprotector ( 198 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting treatment-related cardiotoxicity in patients with malignant lymphoma—a review and prospects for the future

Rihackova,

Rihacek,

Vyskocilova

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Treatment of malignant lymphoma has for years been represented by many cardiotoxic agents especially anthracyclines, cyclophosphamide, and thoracic irradiation. Although they are in clinical practice for decades, the precise mechanism of cardiotoxicity and effective prevention is still part of the research. At this article we discuss most routinely used anti-cancer drugs in chemotherapeutic regiments for malignant lymphoma with the focus on novel insight on molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity. Understanding toxicity at molecular levels may unveil possible targets of cardioprotective supportive therapy or optimization of current therapeutic protocols. Additionally, we review novel specific targeted therapy and its challenges in cardio-oncology.

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Radiation sensitivity of biological systems, its modification by chemical modifiers and its quantitative evaluation

Múčka,

Čuba

2024

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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Large number of sensitizers and protectors of cells, tissues, organs and organisms are being discussed in this review. Attention is paid to metals, nanoparticles or organic compounds as modifiers. They can modify the radiation sensitivity by 20–60%. In most cases, sensitization is caused by an increase in DNA damage or a decrease in the repair of radiation damage. The protection can be caused in many cases by repair of damaged DNA molecules, proteins or enzymes, or by reducing the ROS concentration. The most current research tasks in this area are formulated. A new quantitative and reproducible method of evaluating modifiers is discussed.

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Protective effect of N-acetyl cysteine against radiotherapy-induced cardiac damage

Cited by 12 publications

References 58 publications

Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies

Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies

Revisiting treatment-related cardiotoxicity in patients with malignant lymphoma—a review and prospects for the future

Radiation sensitivity of biological systems, its modification by chemical modifiers and its quantitative evaluation

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