Protective Effect of N-Acetylcysteine Against Toxicity on the Rat Blood After Chronic Exposure to Carbosulfan

Abstract

The present study investigated the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), is widely known as an antidote to acetaminophen overdose, on carbosulfan (CB)-induced hematotoxicity and oxidative stress in male rats. CB was administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg or simultaneously administered with NAC (2 g/l) for 30 days. Results of hematological examination showed that red blood cells, hematocrite, hemoglobin, and reticulocytes levels were significantly lower in CB-exposed rats compared with those in the control. Administration of CB caused a significant increase in the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. However, the glutathione (GSH) and thiols group (TSH) levels were significantly increased as well as GSH S-transferase activity and levels of glutathione peroxidase on erythrocytes of males rats compared with those in the control. Also, CB-treated rats showed significant elevation in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) on erythrocytes in comparison with the control. Co-administration with NAC exhibited chemoprotective effects against CB-mediated hematotoxicity, augmented erythrocyte antioxidant status, and prevented the induction of anemia.

Prophylactic and Ameliorative Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Doxorubicin-Induced Neurotoxicity in Wister Rats

“…Elevated MDA level in DOX group suggests enhanced lipid peroxidation leading to brain tissue damage and inability of antioxidant defense mechanisms to prevent the free radical attack. Furthermore, the decrease in GSH levels might diminish the overall antioxidant potential resulting in the increase of lipid peroxidation following DOX administration [36].…”

“…Therefore, inhibition of cysteine uptake causes cellular glutathione to decrease and cellular oxidant to accumulate leading to cell death [45]. The normalization of MDA following NAC treatment is very likely due to its antiperoxidative properties [36,43], as the presence of acetyl and sulfhydryl groups makes NAC an effective inhibitor of lipid peroxidation [36].…”