Protective Effect of Panaxynol Isolated from Panax vietnamensis against Cisplatin-Induced Renal Damage: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

Abstract

Polyacetylenic compounds isolated from Panax species are comprised of non-polar C17 compounds, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antifungal activities. Panaxynol represents the major component of the essential oils of ginseng. We investigated whether panaxynol isolated from Panax vietnamensis (Vietnamese ginseng, VG) could prevent cisplatin-induced renal damage induced in vitro and in vivo. Cisplatin-induced apoptotic cell death was observed by staining with annexin V conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488, and western blotting evaluated the molecular mechanism. Panaxynol at concentrations above 0.25 μM prevented cisplatin-induced LLC-PK1 porcine renal proximal tubular cell death. LLC-PK1 cells treated with cisplatin demonstrated an increase in apoptotic cell death, whereas pretreatment with 2 and 4 μM panaxynol decreased this effect. Cisplatin demonstrated a marked increase in the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), P38, and cleaved caspase-3. However, pretreatment with 2 and 4 μM panaxynol reversed the upregulated phosphorylation of JNK, P38, and the expression of cleaved caspase-3. We confirmed that the protective effect of panaxynol isolated from P. vietnamensis in LLC-PK1 cells was at least partially mediated by reducing the cisplatin-induced apoptotic damage. In the animal study, panaxynol treatment ameliorated body weight loss and blood renal function markers and downregulated the mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators.

Ginseng volatile oil prolongs the lifespan and healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans

“…GC–MS showed that the main components of GVO are panaxynol and panaxydol. Panaxynol, the most abundant substance in the GVO, is a compound of polyacetylenes with main carbon chain of C that protects from liver injury (Lee et al 2019 ), alleviates anxiety and depression-based behaviors (Sun et al 2020 ), and inhibits cardiac hypertrophy (Qu et al 2015 ). Panaxydol is the second most abundant substance in GVO and has significant properties of anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet agglutination, and inhibition of cell oxidase, leukemia cell growth (Yan et al 2011 ) and thrombosis.…”

Protective effect of food derived nutrients on cisplatin nephrotoxicity and its mechanism

“…It has been demonstrated that panaxynol treatment can significantly inhibit CDDP-induced cell apoptosis and renal dysfunction in vivo and in vitro by downregulating the expression of JNK, P38, and cleaved caspase-3. 173 Besides, American ginseng berry extract supplements can obviously restrain CDDP-induced ROS-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. 131…”

“…It has been demonstrated that panaxynol treatment can significantly inhibit CDDP-induced cell apoptosis and renal dysfunction in vivo and in vitro by downregulating the expression of JNK, P38, and cleaved caspase-3. 173 Besides, American ginseng berry extract supplements can obviously restrain CDDP-induced ROS-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. 131 Taken together with previous studies, it can be concluded that nutrition-based substances such as traditional Chinese medicines, specific foods, and emerging nano-medicines exhibit renoprotective activities via eliminating pro-apoptotic cytokines and activating antioxidant enzymes, simultaneously regulating the signaling pathways activated by CDDP.…”

Evaluation of the Saponin Content in Panax vietnamensis Acclimatized to Lam Dong Province by HPLC–UV/CAD

“…[ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Concerning therapeutic value, VG is also proven to possess many interesting biological activities such as being anti-melanogenic, anti-oxidative, anti-stress, anti-cancer, hepato-cytoprotective, and having nephroprotective effects against cisplatin toxicity [ 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”