Protective effect of S-allyl-l-cysteine, a garlic compound, on amyloid β-protein-induced cell death in nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 cells

Role of Caspase-12 in Amyloid β-Peptide-Induced Toxicity in Organotypic Hippocampal Slices Cultured for Long Periods

“…S-Allyl-Lcysteine (SAC), an active organosulfur compound present in AGE, has been shown to have neurotrophic effects (20) in cultured neurons and neuroprotective activities (21) in the rodent brain. In our studies, we have found that SAC protects against Aβ-induced cell death, but does not protect against 4-hydroxynonenalinduced cell death in either NGF-differentiated PC12 cells (22) or cultured hippocampal neurons (3). We have also reported that SAC protects hippocampal neurons in the CA3 area and the dentate gyrus (DG) from the cell death induced by Aβ in combination with ibotenic acid with no change in the CA1 area in OHC (15).…”

“…SAC, an organosulfur compound possessing a thioallyl group, present in AGE, has been shown to protect neurons against various toxic or ischemic conditions (7,21,35). Previous investigations in our laboratory have also shown that SAC protects NGF-differentiated PC12 cells (22) and cultured hippocampal neurons (3) against Aβ-and tunicamycin-induced toxicities. However, it has no effect on 4-hydroxynonenal-induced and survival factor deprivation-induced cell death, which have been shown to be independent on ER-stress and caspase-12 in these cells.…”

The Peptide KLVFF-K6 Promotes β-Amyloid(1–40) Protofibril Growth by Association but Does Not Alter Protofibril Effects on Cellular Reduction of 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT)

“…Therefore, A␤-induced changes in MTT reduction involve alterations in exocytosis. However, A␤-induced decreases in MTT reduction also are inhibited by antioxidants (Munoz et al, 2002;Ito et al, 2003), suggesting that A␤ also may alter some cellular redox activity. At the concentrations of aggregated A␤ and treatment times employed here (Fig.…”

Modulation of Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Current by 4-Hydroxynonenal in Dentate Granule Cells

“…Although effective electrophysiological studies using adult hippocampal slices have been reported recently, we employed a cell culture system using dissected dentate gyrus and identified dentate granule cells, which we have used previously to examine the effects of 4HN on cell death in various neuronal preparations such as cultured hippocampal neurons, 20) PC12, 19) and cultured cerebellar granule neurons; 18) we have also used this protocol for a preliminarily study of cultured Ammon's horn neurons and dentate gyrus neurons (our unpublished data). Similar culture approaches using dentate gyrus cell have already been reported, 29,30) and the dentate granule cell culture system has been already shown to be a faithful and useful model of mossy fiber sprouting.…”

“…17) Several studies have shown that 4HN is generated in response to oxidative insults and can induce neuronal apoptosis. [18][19][20] Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the mechanisms underlying the neuronal damage induced by 4HN involves the disturbance of ion homeostasis. 9) Despite the importance of 4HN-induced neuronal damage, the modulation of Ca 2ϩ -channel activity by 4HN has not been adequately studied in dentate granule cells.…”