Protective effect of thymoquinone against lung intoxication induced by malathion inhalation

Abstract

Malathion is considered one of the vastest pesticides use all over the world. Malathion-inhalation toxicity commonly occurred in many occupational farmers. Therefore, this study aimed to ameliorate the possible malathion-induced pulmonary toxicity through thymoquinone administration. Forty animals were used to conduct our study, divided into five groups; G1 control group, G2 thymoquinone (50 mg/kg) group, G3 malathion group (animals inhaled 100 mg/ml/m3 for 15 min for 5 days/week for three weeks), G4 and G5 were subjected to the same malathion inhalation protocol beside oral thymoquinone administration at doses of 25 and 50 (mg/kg), respectively. Malathion-inhalation induced marked systemic toxicity as hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity associated with increased serum hepatic and renal enzymes, and hypersensitivity accompanied with increased total IgE serum level. The lung showed severe interstitial pneumonia associated with severe vascular damage and marked eosinophil infiltration. Moreover, the lung showed a marked decrease in the pulmonary surfactant protein, especially SP-D gene expression. While, thymoquinone treatment to malathion-inhaled animals decremented the following; hepatic enzymes and renal function tests, total IgE as well as pneumonia and hypersensitivity pathological features, and augmented the expression of SP-D. In conclusion, thymoquinone could be potentially used in pest control workers to ameliorate the systemic and pulmonary intoxication caused by one of the most field-used pesticides.

Assessing the suitability of self-healing rubber glove for safe handling of pesticides

“…Pesticide application in the agricultural sector has been increasing dramatically due to the rising demands of crops for food production. The continuous utilization of pesticides is encouraged by the strong perception that pesticides are highly effective in producing good quality crops, but adversely, they can be harmful to health and the environment 1 , 2 . Annually, there are 385 million cases of acute pesticide poisoning among agricultural workers reported worldwide 3 .…”

“…All the gloves were tested against a highly concentrated pesticide, before the damage, with damage and after damage recovery. The SH glove was tested against malathion, a widely used chemical in pesticide formulation 1 . The finding confirms the suitability of using a self-healing polymer to fabricate a protective glove for chemical handling.…”

Protective effect of acetylcysteine against thiamethoxam-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in rats

“…El Okle, et al [13] founded that MXtreated rabbits (250 mg/kg b.w for 90 successive days) had hepatotoxicity confirmed by attenuation of liver enzyme activities (AST, ALT, and ALP). In line Abdo, et al [70] recognized an elevation in the activity of ALP in the malathion inhaled rats. Mongi, et al [71] found statistical increases of serum ALP in rats exposed to 63 mg/kg b.w of chlorpyrifos for 2 weeks.…”

Pulmonary and intranasal delivery of thymoquinone-loaded nanoparticles for Mucormycosis & Covid-19

“…It just needs to be integrated into the envisaged treatment protocol -this may be applicable worldwide. While the concept of intranasal TQ delivery demands inhalation of nanoformulations [35], fortunately, even TQ delivered by the oral route reached the brain [36] and the lungs [37] in animal models, respectively. As the next step, a clinical study for proof of concept should be initiated.…”