Protective Effect of Total Panax Notoginseng Saponins on Retinal Ganglion Cells of an Optic Nerve Crush Injury Rat Model

Huang, Zhong; Yu, Hui; Chen, Bo; Guo, Lei; Xu, Xing; Jiang, Min; Zhong, Yisheng; Qi, Jin; Huang, Ping

doi:10.1155/2021/4356949

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Apoptosis stimulation can lead to dephosphorylation of BAD, which activates Bax and Caspase-3 (Zhong et al, 2021). Caspase is only activated when caspase is cleaved and initiator caspases, such as caspase-3, are activated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Effect of Daidzein Extracted From Pueraria lobate Radix in a Stroke Model Via the Akt/mTOR/BDNF Channel

et al. 2022

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Daidzein is a plant isoflavonoid primarily isolated from Pueraria lobate Radix as the dry root of P. lobata (Wild.) Ohwi, have long been used as nutraceutical and medicinal herb in China. Despite the report that daidzein can prevent neuronal damage and improve outcome in experimental stroke, the mechanisms of this neuroprotective action have been not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine whether the daidzein elicits beneficial actions in a stroke model, namely, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and to reveal the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms associated with the regulation of Akt/mTOR/BDNF signal pathway. The results showed that I/R, daidzein treatment significantly improved neurological deficits, infarct volume, and brain edema at 20 and 30 mg/kg, respectively. Meanwhile, it was found out that the pretreatment with daidzein at 20 and 30 mg/kg evidently improved striatal dopamine and its metabolite levels. In addition, daidzein treatment reduced the cleaved Caspase-3 level but enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt, BAD and mTOR. Moreover, daidzein at 30 mg/kg treatment enhanced the expression of BDNF and CREB significantly. This protective effect of daidzein was ameliorated by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway using LY294002. To sum up, our results demonstrated that daidzein could protect animals against ischemic damage through the regulation of the Akt/mTOR/BDNF channel, and the present study may facilitate the therapeutic research of stroke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Effect of Daidzein Extracted From Pueraria lobate Radix in a Stroke Model Via the Akt/mTOR/BDNF Channel

et al. 2022

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“…These phytochemicals have been shown to protect RGCs. Total Panax notoginseng saponin treatment increased RGC survival and inhibited the cell apoptosis pathway induced by an optic nerve crush rat model [190]. Similarly, ginsenoside Rg1 treatment was able to reduce RGC damage in an ultrasound-targeted microbubble optic nerve damage rabbit model [191].…”

Section: Panax Ginseng-ginsenosidementioning

confidence: 96%

Treatment of Glaucoma with Natural Products and Their Mechanism of Action: An Update

et al. 2022

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Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness. It is generally caused by increased intraocular pressure, which results in damage of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells, ultimately leading to visual field dysfunction. However, even with the use of intraocular pressure-lowering eye drops, the disease still progresses in some patients. In addition to mechanical and vascular dysfunctions of the eye, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and excitotoxicity have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Hence, the use of natural products with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may represent an alternative approach for glaucoma treatment. The present review highlights recent preclinical and clinical studies on various natural products shown to possess neuroprotective properties for retinal ganglion cells, which thereby may be effective in the treatment of glaucoma. Intraocular pressure can be reduced by baicalein, forskolin, marijuana, ginsenoside, resveratrol and hesperidin. Alternatively, Ginkgo biloba, Lycium barbarum, Diospyros kaki, Tripterygium wilfordii, saffron, curcumin, caffeine, anthocyanin, coenzyme Q10 and vitamins B3 and D have shown neuroprotective effects on retinal ganglion cells via various mechanisms, especially antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis mechanisms. Extensive studies are still required in the future to ensure natural products’ efficacy and safety to serve as an alternative therapy for glaucoma.

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“…The optic nerve crush (ONC) is a commonly used model to study optic nerve injury and glaucoma in addition to the survival and regeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) [1,2] and the effects of drug or other therapeutic interventions on RGCs [3][4][5][6][7][8]. It provides good repeatability and simple operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optic nerve injury models under varying forces

et al. 2022

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Purpose To explore the pathological changes in optic nerve injury models under varying forces. Methods The rats were classified into 4 groups: sham operation (SH), 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 N. Modeling was performed using the lateral optic nerve pulling method. Seven days after modeling, Brn3a immunofluorescence was used to detect retinal ganglion cell (RGC) number, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to detect RGC apoptosis, and flash visual evoked potential (FVEP) was used to detect the optic nerve function on days 1, 3, and 7 after modeling. In addition, LC3 II and P62 expression levels in retinal tissues were detected by western blotting to observe the changes in autophagy levels. Results RGC number decreased 7 d after modeling, and it showed a downward trend with increasing damaging force. The number of apoptotic RGCs in ganglion cell layer in the 0.3 and 0.5 N groups was increased and was higher than that in the 0.1 N group. The difference in FVEP of rats in each group was mainly reflected in the P2 peak latency. LC3 II and P62 expression levels in retinal tissue of 0.3 and 0.5 N groups were higher than those of the SH and 0.1 groups; however, the difference between the 0.1 N and SH groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion Precisely controlling the force of the optic nerve clamping injury model is necessary because different forces acting on the optic nerve will lead to differences in the loss of optic neurons, the conduction function of the optic nerve, and autophagy level in retinal tissues.

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Protective Effect of Total Panax Notoginseng Saponins on Retinal Ganglion Cells of an Optic Nerve Crush Injury Rat Model

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Neuroprotective Effect of Daidzein Extracted From Pueraria lobate Radix in a Stroke Model Via the Akt/mTOR/BDNF Channel

Neuroprotective Effect of Daidzein Extracted From Pueraria lobate Radix in a Stroke Model Via the Akt/mTOR/BDNF Channel

Treatment of Glaucoma with Natural Products and Their Mechanism of Action: An Update

Optic nerve injury models under varying forces

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