Protective effect of tryptophan against dextran sulfate sodium- induced experimental colitis

Shizuma, Toru; Mori, Hiromu; Fukuyama, Naoto

doi:10.4318/tjg.2013.0558

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similar results were obtained in a mouse model of colitis in which tryptophan supplementation improved clinical parameters and decreased nitrosation in the colon [108]. One potential mechanism for such an effect is the regulation by dietary tryptophan of antimicrobial peptide expression via the mTOR pathway in IEC that consequently regulates the gut microbiota composition [109].…”

Section: Potential Role Of Dietary Protein Intake and Amino Acid Ssupporting

confidence: 62%

Dietary Protein and Amino Acid Supplementation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Course: What Impact on the Colonic Mucosa?

et al. 2017

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), after disease onset, typically progress in two cyclically repeated phases, namely inflammatory flare and remission, with possible nutritional status impairment. Some evidence, either from epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies indicate that the quantity and the quality of dietary protein consumption and amino acid supplementation may differently influence the IBD course according to the disease phases. For instance, although the dietary protein needs for mucosal healing after an inflammatory episode remain undetermined, there is evidence that amino acids derived from dietary proteins display beneficial effects on this process, serving as building blocks for macromolecule synthesis in the wounded mucosal area, energy substrates, and/or precursors of bioactive metabolites. However, an excessive amount of dietary proteins may result in an increased intestinal production of potentially deleterious bacterial metabolites. This could possibly affect epithelial repair as several of these bacterial metabolites are known to inhibit colonic epithelial cell respiration, cell proliferation, and/or to affect barrier function. In this review, we present the available evidence about the impact of the amount of dietary proteins and supplementary amino acids on IBD onset and progression, with a focus on the effects reported in the colon.

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Section: Potential Role Of Dietary Protein Intake and Amino Acid Ssupporting

confidence: 62%

Dietary Protein and Amino Acid Supplementation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Course: What Impact on the Colonic Mucosa?

et al. 2017

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“…Because, similar to the result of the present study, serum tryptophan concentration is low in dogs with PLE . One of the mechanisms whereby tryptophan supplementation could be therapeutically effective is through inhibition of reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide . Tryptophan and methionine have antioxidant ability .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 Tryptophan supplementation ameliorates clinical signs, improves feed conversion ratio, ameliorates histologic signs of colonic inflammation, and reduces gut permeability and the expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines in animal models of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. 23,24 Recently, interest in amino acids, including tryptophan, has been focused on the relationship between intestinal inflammation and their therapeutic potential in IBD. [25][26][27] Therefore, oral supplementation with tryptophan might represent a novel therapeutic strategy for dogs with IBD, especially in IBD dogs with PLE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma amino acid profiles in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease

Tamura

Ohta

Kagawa

et al. 2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Lymphocytic‐plasmacytic enteritis is the common form of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in dogs. In human IBD, disturbances of amino acid metabolism have been demonstrated to be involved in the pathophysiology of IBD. Therefore, plasma amino acid profile might represent a novel marker of human IBD. Objectives To determine the plasma amino acid profiles of dogs with IBD and its usefulness as a novel marker of IBD in dogs. Animals Fasting blood plasma was obtained from 10 dogs with IBD and 12 healthy dogs. Methods All IBD dogs were prospectively included in this study, and heparinized blood samples were collected. The plasma concentrations of 21 amino acids were determined using the ninhydrin method. The relationships among the plasma amino acid concentrations and plasma C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentration, canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index (CCECAI), and overall World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) score were investigated. Results Median concentration (nmol/mL) of methionine [46.2; range, 30.0‐59.3], proline [119.4; range, 76.7‐189.2], serine [115.1; range, 61.4‐155.9], and tryptophan [17.4; range, 11.9‐56.3]) were significantly lower than in control dogs [62.6; range, 51.0‐83.6, 199.1; range, 132.5‐376.7, 164.3; range, 124.7‐222.9, and 68.3; range, 35.7‐94.8, respectively]. A negative correlation was identified between the plasma serine concentration and CCECAI ( r s = −.67, P = .03), but there were no correlations between plasma amino acid concentrations and CRP concentration or overall WSAVA score. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Plasma serine concentration might represent a novel maker of IBD in dogs.

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“…Trp, an EAA for mammals, can be easily obtained through food. Trp is also a functional AA, which serves as a vital regulator of the metabolic pathway and reacts with ligands to effectively protect host health (Hisamatsu et al, 2012;Kim et al, 2010;Palego, Betti, Rossi, & Giannaccini, 2016;Shizuma, Mori, & Fukuyama, 2013). In the GI tract, Trp can enter several metabolic pathways under the action of gut microbes and also interact closely with the immune system (Islam et al, 2017).…”

Section: Tryptophan Microbiota and The Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Amino Acids and the Gut‐Microbiome‐Immune Axis: Physiological Metabolism and Therapeutic Prospects

2018

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

192

122

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Dietary amino acids (AAs) are not only absorbed and metabolized by enterocytes but also available to the microbiota in the gut in mammals. In addition to serving as the materials for protein synthesis, AAs can act as precursors for numerous metabolic end products in reactions involving the intestinal mucosa and microbiota. After penetrating the epithelial barrier, microbial metabolites can enter and accumulate in the host circulatory system, where they are sensed by immune cells and then elicit a wide range of biological functions via different receptors and mechanisms. Some intestinal bacteria can also synthesize certain AAs, implying that the exchange of AAs between hosts and microorganisms is bidirectional. Changes in AA composition and abundance can affect AA‐metabolizing bacterial communities and modulate macrophages and dendritic cells via toll‐like receptors (TLRs), autoinducer‐2 (AI‐2), and NOD‐like receptors (NLRs), and also regulate the gut‐microbiome‐immune axis via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), serotonin/5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT), and other signaling pathways, all of which play critical roles in regulating the intestinal mucosal immunity and microbiota directly or indirectly, contributing to intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, the current findings of the effects of certain functional AAs on the gut‐microbiome‐immune axis are reviewed, illustrating signaling pathways of tryptophan (Trp), glutamine (Gln), methionine (Met), and branched‐chain AAs (BCAAs) in the intestinal barrier and regarding immunity via crosstalk with their receptors or ligands. These findings have shed light on the clinical applications of dietary AAs in improving gut microbiota and mucosal immunity, therefore benefiting the gut as well as local and systemic health.

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Protective effect of tryptophan against dextran sulfate sodium- induced experimental colitis

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Dietary Protein and Amino Acid Supplementation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Course: What Impact on the Colonic Mucosa?

Dietary Protein and Amino Acid Supplementation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Course: What Impact on the Colonic Mucosa?

Plasma amino acid profiles in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease

Dietary Amino Acids and the Gut‐Microbiome‐Immune Axis: Physiological Metabolism and Therapeutic Prospects

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