Protective Effects of Aminoguanidine against Sodium Metavanadate-Induced Spatial Memory Retention Impairment in Morris Water Maze

Abstract

Background: Vanadium is a potential neurotoxic agent widely distributed in the environment. Understanding the neurotoxic mechanisms of vanadium on learning and memory seems necessary. Methods: We investigated the time-dependent (1-week, 2- week and 4-week) effects of sodium metavanadate (SMV) (25 mg/kg/day; pre-training oral administration) and 4-day intraperitoneal injections of aminoguanidine (AG) as a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg) on spatial memory retention in Morris water maze. Animals were trained for 4 days and tested 48 h after the last training trial. Results: The data showed that 4-week oral pre-treatment with SMV (25 mg/kg/day) induced spatial memory retention deficits and decreased the time spent in the target quadrant. We found that 4-day administration of different doses of AG during training trials significantly decreased the time and distance of finding the hidden platforms. Additionally, SMV-induced spatial memory retention impairments were prevented in animals received combined SMV (25 mg/kg/day, 4 weeks) and AG (10 mg/kg/day, 4 days). Conclusion: Our findings showed the protective role of AG on SMV-induced spatial memory retention deficits.

Effects of Aminoguanidine on Apoptosis in the Hippocampus and Memory Disorder in a Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

“…Tabrizian et al studied the effects of four days intraperitoneal injection of Amg on sodium metavanadate-induced memory impairments. They found that Amg decreased the time and distance of finding the hidden platforms 48 hours after the last training session and decreased escape latency and traveled distance compared to the control group (37). Rodrigues et al showed Amg administration significantly reduces the glial activation in the brain and prevents cognitive impairment in the streptozotocin (STZ) induced dementia model (38).…”