Protective Effects of Five Structurally Diverse Flavonoid Subgroups against Chronic Alcohol-Induced Hepatic Damage in a Mouse Model

Abstract

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has become one of the major global health problems, with augmented morbidity and mortality. Evidence indicates that flavonoids can reduce the risk of ALD owing to their biological properties. However, the effect of structurally different flavonoid subclasses on alleviating alcohol-induced liver damage in a same model has never been studied. In this study, mice were supplemented with five kinds of flavonoid subgroups, apigenin (flavone), quercetin (flavonol), naringenin (flavanone), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (flavanol), and genistein (isoflavone), in the same dose (0.3 mmol kg−1 body weight) and then given 50% alcohol by gastric perfusion for five consecutive weeks. The results demonstrated that genistein and naringenin had greater benefits in terms of mitigating fibrosis and apoptosis, respectively, in the liver. Lipid deposition, partial inflammatory-related factors (nuclear factor kappa B p65, cyclooxygenase-2, and interleukin-6 levels), and hepatic histopathological alterations were similarly attenuated by five kinds of flavonoids. All the flavonoids also showed different degrees of influence on protecting against alcoholic liver injury on other aspects, such as serum biochemistry makers, hepatic lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant capacities, and inflammation.

Systematic analysis of bacteriostatic mechanism of flavonoids using transcriptome and its therapeutic effect on vaginitis

“…Notably, we found that flavonoids in A. conyzoides significantly decreased the serum levels of AST in mice, indicating that flavonoids in A. conyzoides have protective effects on hepatic function in mice. This is consistent with results in many previous researches that flavonoids could exert considerable protections against the hepatic damages induced by various causes [24,25].…”

The Impact of Acute or Chronic Alcohol Intake on the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Alcohol-Related Liver Disease

“…Their work also helps with the structure identification of the melanin derived from Lachnum YM226. Zhao et al applied a 5 week-long varied flavonoid treatment of EtOH-fed ICR mice, which concluded in noticeable alleviation of liver inflammation and NF-κB activity, as well as a significant reduction in COX-2 [ 182 ]. However, some of the applied flavonoids were more or less efficient in restoring particular functions, e.g., apigenin increased SOD and GSH levels, whilst naringenin reduced iNOS activity most efficiently.…”

“…However, some of the applied flavonoids were more or less efficient in restoring particular functions, e.g., apigenin increased SOD and GSH levels, whilst naringenin reduced iNOS activity most efficiently. Due to the complexity of this paper and different results, we recommend the interested readership to refer directly to [ 182 ]. Radic et al showed, in a study on a 6-week EtOH-fed chronic rat model, that whey can also reverse the EtOH-induced NF-κB activity levels in the liver.…”

Grape-Leaf Extract Attenuates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury via Interference with NF-κB Signaling Pathway

“…The EtOH (current study) caused an increased expression of both apoptotic (caspase-3) and antiapoptotic (survivin) markers, and those changes were alleviated by GLE, which correlated well with its hepatoprotective effects demonstrated in the current study. Importantly, grape-seed extract was previously found to exert neuro-, cardio-, and renoprotective effects via apoptosis suppression [55,56], with no previous reports on the antiapoptotic effects of GLE in the liver.…”