Protective Effects of Flavonoids Against Mitochondriopathies and Associated Pathologies: Focus on the Predictive Approach and Personalized Prevention

Abstract

Multi-factorial mitochondrial damage exhibits a “vicious circle” that leads to a progression of mitochondrial dysfunction and multi-organ adverse effects. Mitochondrial impairments (mitochondriopathies) are associated with severe pathologies including but not restricted to cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegeneration. However, the type and level of cascading pathologies are highly individual. Consequently, patient stratification, risk assessment, and mitigating measures are instrumental for cost-effective individualized protection. Therefore, the paradigm shift from reactive to predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (3PM) is unavoidable in advanced healthcare. Flavonoids demonstrate evident antioxidant and scavenging activity are of great therapeutic utility against mitochondrial damage and cascading pathologies. In the context of 3PM, this review focuses on preclinical and clinical research data evaluating the efficacy of flavonoids as a potent protector against mitochondriopathies and associated pathologies.

Homocysteine metabolism as the target for predictive medical approach, disease prevention, prognosis, and treatments tailored to the person

“…Mitochondria are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and function, primarily in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and for regulation of ion homeostasis, redox potential, lipid metabolism, metabolite synthesis, cell differentiation, immune system, anti-apoptotic, and anti-aging mechanisms [63]. The disruption/disbalance of mentioned processes or accumulation of mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are related to mitochondrial dysfunction and aging-associated pathologies, including neurological disorders, CVDs, metabolic syndromes, and cancers [64]. In aging, progressive mitochondrial dysfunction occurs due to the loss of the thioretinaco ozonide oxygen ATP complex from mitochondrial membranes through the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore [65].…”

Flavonoids Synergistically Enhance the Anti-Glioblastoma Effects of Chemotherapeutic Drugs

“…Dietary natural compounds constitute promising candidates in this regard; they have wide-ranging biological properties, including anti-cancer effects [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Among these compounds, flavonoids—polyphenolic plant secondary metabolites—are of interest.…”

Promising Antiviral Activities of Natural Flavonoids against SARS-CoV-2 Targets: Systematic Review

“…Based on their chemical structure, flavonoids are segregated into various classes, among which there are further subclasses [29,30]. They were extensively studied and recently gained increased interest among researchers and clinicians for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and antiviral properties with numerous mechanisms to prevent infection and strengthen host immunity [31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Among their many beneficial effects, antiviral properties can serve as a future therapeutic utility for drugging COVID-19.…”