Protective effects of hydrogen‑rich saline against experimental diabetic peripheral neuropathy via activation of the mitochondrial ATP‑sensitive potassium channel channels in rats

Abstract

It has previously been demonstrated that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation are closely associated with the development of diabetic complications, including diabetic neuropathy. Additionally, mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (Mito-K-ATP) channels play a homeostatic role on blood glucose regulation in organisms. Molecular hydrogen (H2) exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-antioxidative and anti-apoptotic properties and can be used to treat more than 71 diseases safely. In addition, the diabetes animal models which are set up using streptozotocin (STZ) injection, is a type of high long-term stability, low animal mortality rate and security method. The aim of the current study was to assess the value of hydrogen-rich saline (HS) in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) treatment and to determine its associated mechanisms in STZ-induced diabetic experimental rats. Additionally, the effects of the Mito-K-ATP channels, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis on DPN were also evaluated. From week 5 of STZ injections, HS (2.5, 5 and 10 ml/kg) was injected into the rat abdominal cavity every day for a period of 4 weeks. The results of the current study demonstrated that HS significantly reduced behavioral, biochemical and molecular effects caused by DPN. However, 5-hydroxydecanoate, a selective Mito-K-ATP channels general pathway inhibitor, partially eliminated the therapeutic effect of HS on DPN. These results indicated that the use of HS may be a novel strategy to treat DPN by activating the Mito-K-ATP pathway and reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis.

Assessment of Serum Cytokines and Oxidative Stress Markers in Elite Athletes Reveals Unique Profiles Associated With Different Sport Disciplines

“…Sandwich ELISA for CAT enzyme activity was performed using commercially available kit (ab171572, Abcam Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States) and the assay OD was measured at 450 nm ( Dacrema et al, 2020 ). Competitive ELISA for MDA was performed using commercially available ELISA kit (ab238537, Abcam Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States) and the assay OD was measured at 450 nm ( Jiao et al, 2020 ).…”

Inhalation of 4% and 67% hydrogen ameliorates oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and necroptosis in a rat model of glycerol-induced acute kidney injury

“…The dose-effect of H 2 has been reported in several studies, especially the intraperitoneal injection of H 2 -rich saline, 22 34 68 but only a few by H 2 inhalation. 69 Liu et al 69 reported that inhalation of 22% and 41.6% H 2 showed better outcomes compared to 2% inhalation of H 2 in the treatment and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rats.…”

MicroRNA‐7a‐5p ameliorates diabetic peripheral neuropathy by regulating VDAC1/JNK/c‐JUN pathway

“…In recent years, it has been found that diabetes is closely related to the JNK signal pathway. JNK activation could mediate the nerve injury process in DPN, promote apoptosis, increase the risk of diabetes and its complications and contribute to the progression of pathological pain 26 . Gonzalez et al demonstrated that mitochondrial calcium released by VDAC1 activates the JNK/c‐JUN pathway in sciatic nerve injury, thereby triggering Schwann cells demyelination 27 .…”