Protective effects of melatonin against metabolic and reproductive disturbances in polycystic ovary syndrome in rats

Pai, Sarayu A.; Majumdar, Anuradha

doi:10.1111/jphp.12297

Cited by 46 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This temporal relationship presents a unique challenge to understanding the mechanisms whereby melatonin affects glucose metabolism. In addition to this dichotomy, we find that melatonin can have conflicting impacts on target tissues, such as the pancreatic beta cell, in both rodents and humans [49,111,140], and highly variable effects on systemic glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity [28,29,111,141,142]. In vitro, melatonin inhibits insulin secretion by lowering cAMP and cGMP production [27,49,[143][144][145].…”

Section: The Pancreatic Response To Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronomedicine and type 2 diabetes: shining some light on melatonin

et al. 2016

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In mammals, the circadian timing system drives rhythms of physiology and behaviour, including the daily rhythms of feeding and activity. The timing system coordinates temporal variation in the biochemical landscape with changes in nutrient intake in order to optimise energy balance and maintain metabolic homeostasis. Circadian disruption (e.g. as a result of shift work or jet lag) can disturb this continuity and increase the risk of cardiometabolic disease. Obesity and metabolic disease can also disturb the timing and amplitude of the clock in multiple organ systems, further exacerbating disease progression. As our understanding of the synergy between the timing system and metabolism has grown, an interest has emerged in the development of novel clock-targeting pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction. Recently, the pineal hormone melatonin has received some attention as a potential chronotherapeutic drug for metabolic disease. Melatonin is well known for its sleep-promoting effects and putative activity as a chronobiotic drug, stimulating coordination of biochemical oscillations through targeting the internal timing system. Melatonin affects the insulin secretory activity of the pancreatic beta cell, hepatic glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus have lower night-time serum melatonin levels and increased risk of comorbid sleep disturbances compared with healthy individuals. Further, reduced melatonin levels, and mutations and/or genetic polymorphisms of the melatonin receptors are associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Herein we review our understanding of molecular clock control of glucose homeostasis, detail the influence of circadian disruption on glucose metabolism in critical peripheral tissues, explore the contribution of melatonin signalling to the aetiology of type 2 diabetes, and discuss the pros and cons of melatonin chronopharmacotherapy in disease management.

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Section: The Pancreatic Response To Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronomedicine and type 2 diabetes: shining some light on melatonin

et al. 2016

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“…85 Melatonin is beneficial to treatment of PCOS through its effects on steroidogenesis, thereby regulating ovulation, overcoming dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, preventing hyperplastic changes in the endometrium, and protecting against the development of endometrial cancer. 133 Melatonin in the ovary also may be concerned with progesterone production by the transforming granulosa cells after ovulation. 134 135,136 A family-based study also showed a significant difference in the transmission of rs2119882 among Han Chinese women, which indicates that rs2119882 was a risk marker for PCOS.…”

Section: Mel Atonin and P Olyc Ys Ti C Ovary Syndromementioning

confidence: 98%

“…On the one hand, melatonin could significantly improve nuclear maturation of PCOS oocytes. 133 Melatonin in the ovary also may be concerned with progesterone production by the transforming granulosa cells after ovulation. 131 On the other hand, supplementation of in vitro maturation medium with melatonin may facilitate the cytoplasmic maturation of human immature oocytes and improve subsequent clinical outcomes.…”

Section: The Ros Generation From Mononuclear Cells Is Elevated In Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleiotropic roles of melatonin in endometriosis, recurrent spontaneous abortion, and polycystic ovary syndrome

Yang

Zhou

et al. 2018

American J Rep Immunol

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Melatonin is a neurohormone synthesized from the aromatic amino acid tryptophan mainly by the pineal gland of mammals. Melatonin acts as a broad-spectrum antioxidant, powerful free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory agent, anticarcinogenic factor, sleep inducer and regulator of the circadian rhythm, and potential immunoregulator. Melatonin and reproductive system are interrelated under both physiological and pathological conditions. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune dysregulation are associated with the pathogenesis of the female reproductive system which causes endometriosis (EMS), recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Accumulating studies have indicated that melatonin plays pleiotropic and essential roles in these obstetrical and gynecological disorders and would be a candidate therapeutic drug to regulate inflammation and immune function and protect special cells or organs. Here, we systematically review the pleiotropic roles of melatonin in EMS, RSA, and PCOS to explore its pathological implications and treatment potential.

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“…20 MLT also prevents and controls some pathological conditions, such as endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome and premature ovarian failure after exposure to chemotherapy or radiation therapy. 15,[21][22][23] In addition, the protective effect of MLT has been previously reported in the ovaries of nicotine-treated rats, 12 in the uterus and oviduct of mice exposed to nicotine, 24 and in the ovarian follicles undergoing radiation. 25 To date, there are no reports regarding the possible protective effect of MLT on androgenized ovaries.…”

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confidence: 89%

Histopathological changes in androgenized ovaries are recovered by melatonin treatment

Souza

Chuffa

Simão

et al. 2018

Int J Experimental Path

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Summary Nandrolone decanoate (ND) is a synthetic steroid, which promotes adverse effects on the ovarian tissue, and melatonin (MLT) exhibits a number of beneficial properties in the reproductive system. This study evaluated the general features of the ovarian tissue and the immunoexpression of sex steroid receptors in ND‐treated rats that were submitted to short‐term melatonin treatment. Adult rats received mineral oil (control group) and ND at doses of 7.5 mg/kg for 15 days (ND‐treated group). The treatment with MLT (10mg/kg for 7 days) was given alone, before or in combination with ND. All ND‐treated animals showed persistent dioestrus. In the androgenized groups that received MLT, ovarian morphology and size, and the number/area of corpora lutea were recovered. The number of healthy and atretic follicles was recovered when MLT was administered prior to ND; this was similar to the ovaries of control and MLT groups. There was a decrease in estrogen receptors immunostaining in the follicles of androgenized rats that were treated with MLT, and pretreatment with MLT reduced the expression of androgen receptor in atretic follicles and corpora lutea, when compared with ND‐treated group. We conclude that MLT treatment recovered the histopathological aspects of the androgenized ovaries, and MLT pretreatment was the most effective.

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Protective effects of melatonin against metabolic and reproductive disturbances in polycystic ovary syndrome in rats

Abstract: The study provides evidence of the potential beneficial effects of melatonin in PCOS.

Cited by 46 publications

References 47 publications

Chronomedicine and type 2 diabetes: shining some light on melatonin

Chronomedicine and type 2 diabetes: shining some light on melatonin

Pleiotropic roles of melatonin in endometriosis, recurrent spontaneous abortion, and polycystic ovary syndrome

Histopathological changes in androgenized ovaries are recovered by melatonin treatment

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