Protective Effects of Quercetin and Melatonin on Indomethacin Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats

Abstract

Background: Medications to prevent the development of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers have a large range of unpleasant side effects. Recent efforts have been focused on determining safer alternative nontoxic and natural forms of anti-ulcer treatments. Methods: Twenty-four male rats were divided into 4 groups: 1: control group that received no treatment; 2: the indomethacin-treated group that received 20 mg/kg of indomethacin for 2 days to induce the development of gastric ulcers; 3: quercetin-treated group that in addition to the indomethacin treatment, received 50 mg/kg of quercetin 6 hours after and then daily for 14 days and; 4: the melatonin-treated group which received 20 mg/kg of melatonin 6 hours after each indomethacin treatment and then daily for 14 days. All drugs were administered orally. The following parameters were assessed in each group: mean ulcer index of gastric tissue, gastric acid volume and pH, oxidative stress markers: malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH), inflammatory markers: PGE-2, TNF-α, and IL-10, nitric oxide (NO) levels and the relative gene expression of BAX, BCL-2 and COX-2 by real time PCR. Results: Our findings revealed that the indomethacin-treated group had a significantly increased (p< 0.05) ulcer index, gastric acid volume, and elevated levels of stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers compared to controls. In the groups that received quercetin or melatonin, these factors were all significantly decreased (p< 0.05). Between quercetin and melatonin, there was no significant difference in their gastroprotective effect. Conclusions: Both quercetin and melatonin had protective antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activity against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers.

Metabolites Profiling and Bioassays Reveal Bassia indica Ethanol Extract Protective Effect against Stomach Ulcers Development via HMGB1/TLR-4/NF-κB Pathway

“…Likewise, a similar fragmentation pattern was observed for kaempferol and its glycosides, e.g., peaks 8, 13 and 16, corresponded to kaempferol- O -rhamnosyl-di-hexoside ( Figure S2 ), kaempferol- O -hexosyl-rhamnoside and kaempferol- O -hexoside ( Figure S3 ), respectively, also showing the typical neutral losses of their sugar residues with characteristic product ions at m / z 287, typical for the kaempferol aglycon fragment ( Table 3 ). Both quercetin and kaempferol are flavonols known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in in vitro studies [ 33 ] Moreover, several reports showed the potential of quercetin ameliorating activity against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats, owing to its anti-apoptotic effect [ 34 ].…”

Evaluating the role of muscular exercise in modulating the progress of peptic ulcer treated by quercetin or dexilant in male albino rats

“…The mechanism for increasing Bcl-2 level was that quercetin has an antiapoptotic impact against aspirin-induced apoptosis in gastric tissue that was mediated through inhibiting the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and ERK-mediated apoptotic pathways (Abdel-Tawab et al, 2020). The mechanism for decreasing NF-kB level was that the NF-kB pathway, which is involved in the generation of proinflammatory cytokines including tumour necrosis factor-(TNF-), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 (IL-1), is suppressed by quercetin, which suppresses inflammation via neutrophil infiltration (Cheng et al, 2019).…”

Formulation and Evaluation of Hydrogels Based on Sodium Alginate and Cellulose Derivatives with Quercetin for Topical Application

“…Due to its pharmacological and biological activities, quercetin has a significant role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes, asthma, cancer, viral infections, mood disorders, and many others [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Its anti-inflammatory and antiulcer effects have been demonstrated [11][12][13][14]. It stimulates neurogenesis and has been shown to improve memory [12,15,16].…”