Protective Effects of Sodium-L-ascorbyl-2 Phosphate on the Development of UVB-Induced Damage in Cultured Mouse Skin.

The role of antioxidants in photoprotection: A critical review

“…Compared to L-ascorbic acid, the AOx activities of these substitutes are inferior and do not achieve the same activity levels in vivo. 57,61,62 Vitamin E Vitamin E is a lipid-soluble AOx, and it exists as 8 major compounds (4 tocopherols and 4 tocotrienols) with the most abundant form being a-tocopherol. Its main function is to protect the cell membranes from oxidative stress.…”

Reduction of UVB/A-Generated Free Radicals by Sodium L-Ascorbyl-2-Phosphate in Cultured Mouse Skin

“…In previous studies, we similarly observed that UVB-induced lipid peroxidation in cultured skin was inhibited by APS-pretreatment. 9,19) However, even though pretreatment with AsA resulted in the highest cutaneous AsA concentrations of the three AsA-related compounds tested, it provided the least effective protection against skin photodamage. Therefore, the protective effects of APS and AG were likely due to their direct quenching of free radicals rather than to their conversion to AsA.…”

“…We previously reported that APS pretreatment prevented against UVB-induced skin damage 9,19) and hypothesized that this protective effect of APS might be due to the scavenging of ROS by AsA that was converted from APS, since the AsA concentration in the APS pretreated skin increased in a time-dependent manner. However, the results of our current study suggested that the protective effect of APS may be due to its direct scavenging ability rather than to its conversion to AsA.…”

“…The protocols for the animal experiments were approved by the Committee on Ethics of Animal Experiments at the Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy. Skin Cultures ---Skin cultures were set up according to the method described by Nakayama et al 9) Briefly, sterile lens paper was placed on 2 sheets of sterile nylon mesh with the tail end of the paper immersed in liquid medium (2 ml) in a plastic dish (3.5 cm). Squares of skin (2 × 2 cm), collected under sterile conditions from the backs of 5-week-old female hairless mice, were placed on top of the lens paper with the dermis facing the medium.…”

“…Since AsA is unstable in aqueous solution, stable derivatives with greater cellular uptake kinetics have been developed for therapeutic purposes. The derivatives of AsA, such as its 2-O-phosphate ester (APS) [7][8][9] and 2-O-glucoside (AG) 10) are readily taken up by cells and converted into AsA by phosphatase and glucosidase, respectively. APS has been shown to protect cells from DNA damage and death.…”