Protective Factors and Individual Resilience

Werner, Emmy Ε.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511529320.008

Cited by 571 publications

(571 citation statements)

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“…However, the earliest studies to use the term resilience are found in the disciplines of psychology and psychiatry in the 1940s work of Norman Garmezy, Emmy Werner and Ruth Smith which was focused on understanding the development of psychopathology in children 'at risk' (Waller 2001; John-son and Wielchelt 2004). These children were 'at risk' of psychopathological disorders due to long-standing stressors such as parental mental illness, perinatal problems, inter-parental conflict, poverty or a combination of the above (Werner 2000). These studies concluded that in the face of stressors sustained over a period of time, resilience was achieved in children and youths through interplay between adaptive behaviours and particular personality attributes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory for modelling community resilience to natural disasters

et al. 2011

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This paper advocates the use of Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory as a framework to analyse resilience at diverse scales. Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory can be employed to (a) benchmark social resilience, (b) target the priority interventions required and (c) measure progress arising from these interventions to enhance resilience to natural disasters. First, the paper explores resilience to natural disasters in the context of climatic change as building resilience is seen as a way to mitigate impacts of natural disasters. Second, concepts of resilience are systematically examined and documented, outlining resilience as a trait and resilience as a process. Third, issues arising in relation to the measurement of resilience are discussed. Fourth, Bronfenbrenner's bioecological systems theory is described and proffered to model and assess resilience at different scales. Fifth, studies are described which have supported the use of the bioecological systems theory for the study of resilience. Sixth, an example of the use of Bronfenbrenner's theory is offered and the paper concludes with suggestions for future research using Bronfenbrenner's theory.Keywords Resilience · Natural disaster · Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory · Community · Climate change 1 IntroductionThe world's climate is experiencing marked changes (IPCC 2007). These changes are set to be accompanied by an increase in the number and severity of natural disasters such as floods and droughts and present a need to formulate policy to deal with these predictions (Bosomworth and Handmer 2008;Bosher et al. 2009; COAG 2009;McBean and Rodgers 2010). In Australia, and elsewhere, we need to be prepared for rapid onset events such as wildfires, cyclones and floods and slow onset hazards such as drought.Emergency Management considers resilience essential for safeguarding communities or building safer communities. Disaster resilience is seen as a quality, characteristic or result that is developed by processes that foster or promote it. The ability of an individual, group, community or nation to deal with unique destabilising situations, or disaster resilience, is also seen as the …'shield', 'shock absorber' or buffer that moderates the outcome to ensure benign or small-scale negative consequences. Indeed, the goal of disaster risk management is to guarantee minimal loss of life and livelihoods and to allow the affected community or system to return to 'normal' within the shortest possible time. (Manyena 2006: 438) Prosser and Peters (2010) remind us that to support a disaster-resilient community, studies must focus on prevention, preparedness, response and recovery. Current Emer-gency Management policy in Australia (COAG 2009) and internationally (Berkes 2007;Folke et al. 2003; Tompkins and Adger 2004) concurs, asserting that building resilience into communities is essential in order to cope with climate change and concomitant natural disasters. This paper advocates the use of 2 Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory as a framework to analyse com...

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confidence: 99%

Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory for modelling community resilience to natural disasters

et al. 2011

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“…This thesis was confirmed by the results of studies on diverse at-risk groups, such as: children of people diagnosed as mentally ill (Rutter, 1985), maltreated children (Kaufman & Zigler, 1989), children reared in poverty (Garmezy, 1993), and children with perinatal complications and adverse rearing conditions (Werner, 1993). It is believed that children with better intellectual and cognitive abilities can assess a stressful situation more accurately, develop coping strategies, and obtain necessary help from others (Werner, 1990). Similarly, a higher IQ can have a protective function due to its relation to better academic achievement (Masten et al, 1990).…”

Section: Intellectual Abilities and Resiliencymentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In the context of thus defined resilience, intellectual disability (ID) can be observed as chronic adversity that impedes psychosocial functioning or a high-risk condition that increases the likelihood of negative development outcomes. Resilient outcomes are related to numerous factors which can be classified into three domains: individual characteristics, family environment, and a wider social environment (Bonanno et al, 2015;Werner, 1990). This paper focused on the differences between adolescents with mild ID and typically developing (TD) adolescents with regard to resiliency, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of individual qualities of resiliency in adolescents with mild intellectual disability and typically developing adolescents

Pavlović¹,

Zunic-Pavlovic²,

Glumbic³

2017

Nastava i vaspitanje

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“…Therefore, in this section, we examine ways that children cope with and overcome challenges in cases when they have supportive parents and in cases when they do not. Developmental research on resiliency, defined as the extent to which a person is able to bounce back from negative experiences and adapt to change (Masten, 2001;Tugade and Fredrickson, 2004) explains why some people come from very unhealthy family environments and still function properly as an adult (Alvord and Grados, 2005;Brooks, 2006Werner, 2000. Research indicates that when resilient children are faced with risky challenges, they rely on self-protective factors and protective factors from their environment to meet challenges and persist.…”

Section: Protective Factors and Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Raising entrepreneurs: can parenting style amplify entrepreneurial intentions and behaviours?

Jiang

Hayward

Morris

2017

IJMED

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For years, family business researchers have argued that many areas of entrepreneurship research have unnaturally separated the social institutions of family and business, calling for more exploration of the pervasive effects of family on entrepreneurship. Recent research has started to explore these effects within a family business context, but scholars still do not know much about how other family environments influence entrepreneurship. Using a family systems theoretical perspective, this conceptual paper addresses how developmental aspects of parenting and family environments, both inside and outside a family business context, contribute to the expression of entrepreneurial intentions and behaviours in adulthood. The most theoretically novel aspects of this paper focus on how family business contexts amplify links between entrepreneurial intentions and behaviours.

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Protective Factors and Individual Resilience

Cited by 571 publications

References 0 publications

Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory for modelling community resilience to natural disasters

Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory for modelling community resilience to natural disasters

A comparison of individual qualities of resiliency in adolescents with mild intellectual disability and typically developing adolescents

Raising entrepreneurs: can parenting style amplify entrepreneurial intentions and behaviours?

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