Protective Performance of Coated Reinforcement in Coral Concrete under Dry/Wet Cycling

Cao, Hui; Wu, Qing; Akbar, M.; Yang, Ning; Hussain, Zahoor

doi:10.3390/ma16114037

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Su Chen et al [16] found that the compressive failure mode of coral concrete is not affected by the type of coral aggregate. Cao, H et al [17] found that coral concrete and coral concrete that has been treated with alkali fail in the same way under uniaxial compression and that all coral reefs are completely crushed. Su Weiwei [18] et al found that coral aggregate concrete exhibits higher early strength and better fatigue and impact resistance compared to the same natural concrete strength grade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Marine Shellfish on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Coral Concrete

Zhao,

Wu,

Akbar

et al. 2023

Buildings

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Using coral debris as coarse and fine aggregates and seawater as mixing water has been proposed to address transportation and material shortage issues in island and reef construction projects. However, the utilization of coral may result in impurities, such as shellfish and other marine organisms, which could impact the mechanical properties of the resulting concrete. The goal of this study is to find out how different amounts of shellfish and marine organism impurities affect the mechanical properties and microstructure of coral concrete. This study builds on the process of making full coral concrete. Substitution optimization is carried out using the response surface method (RSM), with the polynomial work expectation serving as a validation measure. The experimental findings indicate that impurities have an insignificant impact on the mechanical properties of coral concrete when their dosage is below 2%, causing a decrease of only around 6%. The mechanical properties of coral concrete containing shellfish and marine organism impurities exhibit a strong correlation at 28 days. SEM and XRD analysis revealed that the primary factor contributing to the decline of mechanical properties in coral concrete with shellfish and marine organism impurities is the weak strength of the impurity shell structure, in addition to the rehydration of internal biomass during the cement hydration process, leading to the formation of numerous small pores within the coral concrete. The results of an ANOVA test indicate that the model is statistically significant, with a p-value of less than 0.05.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Marine Shellfish on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Coral Concrete

Zhao,

Wu,

Akbar

et al. 2023

Buildings

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“…The water absorption and corrosion resistance capacity of marble powderenhanced concrete revealed that adding ultra-hydrophobic marble powder decreased the concrete water absorption by 36.42% compared to conventional concrete. Electrochemical experiments revealed that the use of 20% super hydrophobic marble powder increased the polarization resistance of the mortar by 4x10 ⁴ KΩ•cm² more than ordinary mortar, showing that the marble powderbased concrete could be helpful in offshore concrete structures [16,17]. Crumb rubber, a marble powder industry, is also incorporated in concrete as a supplementary cementitious material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Waste Marble Powder and Recycled Coarse Aggregate on the Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Rubberized Concrete

Akbar,

Abbas,

Hussain

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This research aims to develop a sustainable concrete matrix using recycled waste materials, including marble powder, recycled coarse aggregate, and crumb rubber from tire waste. The aim is to reduce CO2 emissions associated with the cement and industrial materials waste, which currently contributes 8–10% to the global emissions. The study focuses on creating a concrete matrix with comparable properties to standard mixes. The mechanical properties and microstructural analysis of the newly designed concrete mix, such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were evaluated. The results showed improvements in compressive strength by 5%, split tensile strength by 4%, and flexural strength by 5%. Besides, a statistical two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a threshold of less than 0.001 was used, and the residual error was found to be low, both in terms of lack of fit and pure error. By incorporating crumb rubber, marble powder, and recycled coarse aggregate as cement ingredients, the mechanical properties of concrete and the environmental impact of industrial waste can be significantly improved. This research proposes a novel model to assess the sustainable performance of the newly developed concrete matrix. The findings demonstrate that a sustainable concrete matrix positively impacts sustainable performance. Incorporating marble powder, recycled coarse aggregate, and crumb rubber was beneficial in terms of mechanical strengths and microstructure. Overall, this research contributes to the goal of reducing CO2 emissions in the cement industry and provides practical recommendations for incorporating sustainable materials in construction practices.

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“…Wang et al [23] concluded that the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions was highest when using a dry-to-wet ratio of 3:1 by observing the transport characteristics of chloride ions in concrete under four dry-to-wet ratios such as 1:1, 3:1, 5:1, and 7:1. Cao et al [24] investigated the chloride ion transport process in coral concrete under dry and wet cycling and explored the corrosion pattern of steel reinforcement in coral concrete. Meanwhile, the increase in the number of wet and dry cycles will significantly accelerate the diffusion of chloride ions [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional Transport Experiment and Simulation of Chloride Ions in Concrete Subject to Simulated Dry and Wet Cycles in a Marine Environment

Xu,

He,

et al. 2023

Materials

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Chloride ion erosion is an important factor affecting the durability of marine engineering concrete. In particular, concrete structures in wave splash and tidal zones are subjected to dry and wet cycles and multidimensional diffusion of chloride ions. To investigate the intricate diffusion of chloride ions within concrete under these dynamic conditions, we devised a comprehensive experiment. This experiment encompasses multiple dimensions, involving dry and wet cycles, as well as static immersion. The experiment intends to reveal how chloride ions are distributed in the concrete and clarify the changes that occur in its microstructure. Based on Fick’s second law, the multidimensional diffusion model of chloride ions in concrete under the dry and wet cycles and static immersion was established by comprehensively considering the effects of chloride ion exposure time, environment temperature, relative humidity, and the action of dry and wet cycles. The results show that, under the same conditions, the chloride content in concrete decreases with the increase in penetration depth but increases with the increase in the chloride diffusion dimension and exposure time. Dry and wet cycles and multidimensional diffusion of chloride ions increase the development of cracks and pores in the concrete structure and generate large quantities of C3A·CaCl2·10H2O, which will exacerbate the chloride ion transport rate and penetration depth of concrete. Under the same exposure time and penetration depth, the chloride ion content in concrete under two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) diffusion under dry and wet cycles was 1.09~4.08 times higher than that under one-dimensional (1D) diffusion. The correlation coefficients between the simulation results of the multidimensional transport model of chloride ions in concrete under multi-factor coupling and the experimental results were all greater than 0.95, and the model can be utilized to predict the distribution of chloride ion concentration in concrete.

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Protective Performance of Coated Reinforcement in Coral Concrete under Dry/Wet Cycling

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of Marine Shellfish on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Coral Concrete

Effects of Marine Shellfish on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Coral Concrete

Impact of Waste Marble Powder and Recycled Coarse Aggregate on the Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Rubberized Concrete

Multidimensional Transport Experiment and Simulation of Chloride Ions in Concrete Subject to Simulated Dry and Wet Cycles in a Marine Environment

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