Protective Population Behavior Change in Outbreaks of Emerging Infectious Disease

Lodge, Evans K; Schatz, Annakate M.; Drake, John M.

doi:10.1101/2020.01.27.921536

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Community behavior is one of the crucial factors to avoid a higher number of cases and deaths from viral infections 8,25 . South Korea and Japan had already shown a flat curve of disease progression through restrictive measures 26,27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, Iran and Italy delayed taking these measures or had difficulty in controlling the people's obedience, and started to count many sick or dead people 26,27 . However, behavioral change depends on the context and is difficult to predict due to social characteristics, socioeconomic, and behavioral differences among people 8,28 . Unlike European and Asian countries, Brazil has little experience with catastrophes and calamities, with no local culture for preventing these situations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On March 26, 2020, the Covid-19 positive cases rose to 235 people, with three deaths, and the State climb to the third spot in the country 5 . COVID-19's high dissemination rate has aroused the curiosity of the scientific community, given that one of the most critical factors in assessing the threat of an infectious disease epidemic is the pathogenic transmissibility 8 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Ceará is regularly affected by endemic diseases such as Dengue 13,14 , Chikungunya 15 , and Zika 16 , as well as historical reports of epidemics 17 , the characteristics of contagion and dissemination control measures are profoundly different from COVID-19 1 . Understanding how to delay and control the spread of pathogens is a priority in predicting and preventing epidemics of infectious diseases 8 . Thus, this study aimed to assess the behavioral aspects and beliefs of the population of Ceará in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 no estado do Ceará, Brasil: comportamentos e crenças na chegada da pandemia

Lima

Dias

Rabelo

et al. 2020

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

102

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This study aimed to evaluate the behavioral aspects and beliefs of the population of Ceará in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire was conducted on sociodemographic aspects and opinions related to the pandemic. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated, the association between variables was performed with Chi-square, and the level of significance was 5%. The final sample had 2,259 participants, and an association was observed between females and perceiving themselves with a high risk of infection (p = 0.044) and males with non-performance of voluntary quarantine (p < 0.001). People aged 80 years and over were partially quarantined due to the flow of people at home (p < 0.001). Participants with elementary school education had a lower risk of infection than participants with a higher level of education (p < 0.001). This group includes people who did voluntary quarantine the least (p < 0.001). Participants living in the inland region of the state had less direct contact with someone tested positive for the Coronavirus (p = 0.031) and are less reclusive (p < 0.001). We can conclude that the approach to the COVID-19 pandemic varies by social aspects, such as gender, age, education, and place of residence, as well as the belief system of the population of the State of Ceará.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 no estado do Ceará, Brasil: comportamentos e crenças na chegada da pandemia

Lima

Dias

Rabelo

et al. 2020

Ciênc. saúde coletiva

102

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“…Since the 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) outbreaks in Wuhan, China, the cumulative number of confirmed cases is increasing every day, and a large number of populations all over the world are at risk. The recent study [1][2][3][4] on the efficacy of traffic blockage for the COVID-19 indicated that the the population flows will certainly increase the cumulative number of cases and the quarantine and traffic blockage will lower this risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Efficacy of Quarantine and Traffic Blockage for the Epidemic Caused by 2019-nCoV (COVID-19):A Simulation Analysis

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Since the 2019-nCoV outbreaks in Wuhan, China, the cumulative number of confirmed cases is increasing every day, and a large number of populations all over the world are at risk. The quarantine and traffic blockage can alleviate the risk of the epidemic and the infections, henceforth evaluating the efficacy of such actions is essential to inform policy makers and raise the public awareness of the importance of self-isolation and quarantine. Method:We collected confirmed case data and the migration data, and introduced the quarantine factor and traffic blockage factor to the Flow-SEIR model. By varying the quarantine factor and traffic blockage factor, we simulated the change of the peak number and arrival time of infections, then the efficacy of these two intervation measures can be analyzed in our simulation. In our study, the self-protection at home is also included in quarantine. Results:In the simulated results, the quarantine and traffic blockage are effective for epidemic control. For Hubei province, the current quarantine factor is estimaed to be 0.405, which means around 40.5% of suceptibles who are close contacting with are in quarantine, and the current traffic blockage factor is estimaed to be 0.66, which indicates around 34% of suceptibles who had flowed out from Hubei. For the other provinces outside Hubei, the current quarantine factor is estimated to be 0.285, and the current traffic blockage factor is estimated to be 0.26. With the quarantine and traffic blockage factor increasing, the number of infections decrease dramatically. We also simulated the start dates of quarantine and traffic blockage at four time points, the simulated results show that the early of warning is also effective for epidemic containing.However, provincial level traffic blockage can only alleviate 21.06% -22.38% of the peak number of infections. In general, the quarantine is much more effective than the traffic blockage control.

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COVID-19 Induced Anxiety and Protective Behaviors During COVID-19 Outbreak: Scale Development and Validation

Riad

Huang

Zheng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The outbreak of communicable diseases increases community anxiety levels; however, it demands protective behavioral changes with adjacent awareness of the emerging epidemic. This work aims to develop valid instruments to evaluate COVID-19 induced anxiety, protective behaviors, and knowledge towards COVID-19, and to explore the relationship between the three constructs. Methods: A total sample of 215 university students were recruited to participate in an online self-administered questionnaire. The e-survey consisted of three instruments: COVID-19 Induced Anxiety Scale (CIAS) with 10 items, Protective Behaviors towards COVID-19 Scale (PBCS) with 14 items, and COVID-19 Related Knowledge Scale (CRKS) with 12 items. Results: Item-total analysis and CFA models indicated that CIAS items no. 1, 2, 5, and 8 should be removed to achieve adequate internal consistency (Cronbach alpha=0.78) and structural validity. The protective behaviors towards COVID-19 can be estimated from 3 dimensions: Routine Protective Behaviors (RPB), Post-exposure Protective Behaviors (PPB), and Post-exposure Risky Behaviors (PRB). Meanwhile, PBCS showed good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha=0.85). Although the sample was unbalanced on gender, gender explained 5% of the variance in protective behaviors with females being more inclined to engage in protective behaviors. Structural Equation Model (SEM) implied that an individual's COVID-19 related knowledge was associated with the three dimensions of protective behaviors (RPB, PPB, and PRB) positively. However, the level of COVID-19 induced anxiety was linked to RPB and PPB positively but negatively to PRB. Conclusion: The 6-item version of CIAS and the 14-item version of PBCS are promising tools for measuring COVID-19 induced anxiety and protective behaviors and can be adopted for future use during early phases of communicable diseases outbreaks. Knowledge is a key indicator for protective behavior; therefore, awareness strategies need to suppress infodemic impact. Severe stress must be monitored during early phases of outbreaks as it significantly increases the probability of risk behavior engagement.

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Protective Population Behavior Change in Outbreaks of Emerging Infectious Disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

COVID-19 no estado do Ceará, Brasil: comportamentos e crenças na chegada da pandemia

COVID-19 no estado do Ceará, Brasil: comportamentos e crenças na chegada da pandemia

Estimating the Efficacy of Quarantine and Traffic Blockage for the Epidemic Caused by 2019-nCoV (COVID-19):A Simulation Analysis

COVID-19 Induced Anxiety and Protective Behaviors During COVID-19 Outbreak: Scale Development and Validation

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