Protective Role of Caffeic Acid in Cognitive Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress Induced by Colchicine in Rats

Abstract

Purpose: Alzheimer's is a disease affecting mostly the Older population leading to the deterioration of cognitive capabilities. The protective effect of Caffeic acid in Colchicineinduced dementia was evaluated in the current study. Materials and Methods: Colchicine was administered intracerebroventricularly (ICV) to the lateral ventricle of the brain (at the coordinates 0.8 mm posterior to bregma, 1.8 mm lateral to the sagittal suture, 3.6 mm below the cortical surface) using robotic stereotaxic apparatus that results in Alzheimer's type sporadic dementia. Caffeic acid at the dose of 50 mg/kg p.o, was administered daily for 25 days starting four days before the colchicine injection and evaluated for its neuroprotective activity. The spatial memory of animals was evaluated using Morris water maze followed by biochemical estimations of acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant markers in the hippocampal and frontal cortex region of the brain. Results: Intracerebroventricular injection of colchicine in rat brain resulted in decreased cognitive abilities as evident in escape latency and average speed of the retention trial. Significant changes in the escape latency were noted in Caffeic acid-treated group. The level of acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant markers like glutathione, catalase, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase were significantly changed in the hippocampal region of the rats but not in the frontal cortex region in the caffeic acid treatment groups. Conclusion: The current study provides evidence for the neuroprotective and antioxidative potential of caffeic acid in intracerebroventricularly injected Colchicine-induced sporadic model of AD.

An insight into the neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects and mechanisms of Moringa oleifera

“…Frontiers in Pharmacology frontiersin.org neuroinflammation (Zhang et al, 2019;Colonnello et al, 2020;Raviteja et al, 2021;Salau et al, 2021). Caffeic acid exhibited protective mechanisms through Nrf2 and skn-1 pathways against 6-hydroxydopamine and quinolinic acid, a neurotoxicity model that led to the increase of ROS and excitotoxicity (Colonnello et al, 2020).…”

“…Caffeic acid was known to possess protective properties such as neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities ( Colonnello et al, 2020 ). According to recent studies, caffeic acid demonstrated neuroprotective effects by regulating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation ( Zhang et al, 2019 ; Colonnello et al, 2020 ; Raviteja et al, 2021 ; Salau et al, 2021 ). Caffeic acid exhibited protective mechanisms through Nrf2 and skn-1 pathways against 6-hydroxydopamine and quinolinic acid, a neurotoxicity model that led to the increase of ROS and excitotoxicity ( Colonnello et al, 2020 ).…”

Oxyresveratrol-β-cyclodextrin mitigates intracerebral STZ-induced Alzheimer’s disease via suppression of hippocampal and cortical cognitive impairment and histone deacetylase activity in rats: In silico and In vivo studies

“…Bregma was used as a reference point for the software. 5µL of Arti cial cerebrospinal uid (ACSF) (composition:147mM NaCl, 2.9mM KCl, 1.6mM MgCl 2 , 1.7mM CaCl2, and 2.2mM dextrose) administration to sham control group and STZ (3mg/kg, 5µl) administration was done bilaterally at the coordinates 0.8 mm AP,1.8 mm ML, 3.6 mm DV (Raviteja et al 2021) to all other group of rats using Hamilton micro syringe at infusion rate of 1µl/min. After completion of the infusion, it was ensured that the syringe is not disturbed for at least 2 min to prevent the back ow.…”

“…Lipid peroxidation (LPO) level in the brain sample was measured as per the method described earlier. (Kumar et al 2016;Raviteja et al 2021). Equal volume of brain homogenate (100 µl each) and TBA-TCL reagent were mixed, heated in water bath maintained at 90 for 10 mins.…”

“…Acetylthiocholine is used as a substrate, that is lysed by AChE to give thiocholine & acetate. The sulfahydryl group of thiocholine reacts with DTNB (5,5-Dithio bis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) to yield yellow color (Ellman et al 1961;Raviteja et al 2021). The intensity of this yellow color is measured by UV spectrophotometer, the activity corresponds to the intensity of the color produced.…”