Protective role of melatonin against adipose-hepatic metabolic comorbidities in experimentally induced obese rat model

Abstract

Background Adipose and hepatic metabolic dysfunctions are critical comorbidities that also aggravate insulin resistance in obese individuals. Melatonin is a low-cost agent and previous studies suggest that its use may promote metabolic health. However, its effects on some comorbidities associated with obesity are unknown. Herein, we investigated the hypothesis that melatonin supplementation would attenuate adipose-hepatic metabolic dysfunction in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in male Wistar rats. Materials and methods Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats (n = 6/group) were used: Control group received vehicle (normal saline), obese group received 40% high fat diet, melatonin-treated group received 4 mg/kg of melatonin, and obese plus melatonin group received 40% HFD and melatonin. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks. Results HFD caused increased food intake, body weight, insulin level, insulin resistance and plasma and liver lipid but decreased adipose lipid. In addition, HFD also increased plasma, adipose and liver malondialdehyde, IL-6, uric acid and decreased Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione, nitric oxide and circulating obestatin concentration. However, these deleterious effects except food intake were attenuated when supplemented with melatonin. Conclusion Taken together, the present results indicate that HFD exposure causes adipose-hepatic metabolic disturbance in obese animals, which are accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition, the present results suggest that melatonin supplementation attenuates adipose-hepatic metabolic dysfunction, accompanying obesity by suppression of oxidative stress/inflammation-dependent mechanism and increasing circulating obestatin.

Impact of Lipids on Insulin Resistance: Insights from Human and Animal Studies

“…Melatonin may offer therapeutic benefits for managing obesity-related metabolic disorders. [ 39 ] N/A N/A Male Fat Aussie mice (FA/FA/oz/foz), 6 months old, average weight 45 g, and WT mice, 6 months old, average weight 26 g. Young female FA mice, weight 22.2 ± 1.0 g, and female WT, weight 21.2 ± 0.8 (n = 63) HFD FA and WT group Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes disrupts calcium signaling, potentially leading to IR and metabolic disorders like obesity and steatohepatitis. GLP-1 analogs like exenatide can be effective in treating and preventing these metabolic disorders.…”

Impaired Melatonin Secretion, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Night Shift Work

“…The epididymal fat is similar to the fat in the mesenteric, mediastinal, retroperitoneal and perirenal, forming all together the visceral adipose tissue of a rat; therefore, the action of MT on epididymal fat is relevant in the context of experimental MetS [ 95 ]. With MT administration, obese mice improved their redox balance, and they showed a reduction in MDA in the plasma, in the adipose tissue and liver and an increase in the plasma glutathione concentration [ 96 ].…”

Pharmacological Effects of Melatonin and Its Potential Application in Therapy of Gout and Associated Diseases

“…Він реалізує супресивний ефект у механізмі регуляції синтезу та секреції інсуліну підшлунковою залозою. Введення мелатоніну супроводжується зниженням гіперін-Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини сулінемії, підвищенням вмісту глікогену в гепатоцитах і послабленням проявів ІР у дослідних тварин із ЦД 2 типу [19]. Таким чином, мелатонін може бути використаний в якості препарату для моно-або комбінованої фармакотерапії ПД та ЦД 2 типу, навіть, разом з іншими цукрознижуючими лікарськими засобами.…”