Protective role of quercetin against hematotoxic and immunotoxic effects of furan in rats

Alam, Rasha T. M.; Zeid, Ehsan H. Abu; Imam, Tamer S.

doi:10.1007/s11356-016-8108-9

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…A histopathological examination revealed various changes in the thymus at these dose levels including enlargement of interstitial connective tissue, decrease in thymic lymphocyte counts and haemorrhage. Alam et al (2017) treated male Sprague-Dawley rats by gavage with 16 mg/kg bw over 30 days. Furan treatment resulted in significantly elevated red blood cell count, haemoglobin, white blood cell count, lymphocytes and granulocytes and reduced phagocytic parameters in white blood cells.…”

Section: A Furanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks for public health related to the presence of furan and methylfurans in food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2017

EFS2

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The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific evaluation on the risk to human health of the presence of furan and methylfurans (2-methylfuran, 3-methylfuran and 2,5-dimethylfuran) in food. They are formed in foods during thermal processing and can co-occur. Furans are produced from several precursors such as ascorbic acid, amino acids, carbohydrates, unsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids, and are found in a variety of foods including coffee and canned and jarred foods. Regarding furan occurrence, 17,056 analytical results were used in the evaluation. No occurrence data were received on methylfurans. The highest exposures to furan were estimated for infants, mainly from ready-to-eat meals. Grains and grain-based products contribute most for toddlers, other children and adolescents. In adults, elderly and very elderly, coffee is the main contributor to dietary exposure. Furan is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is found in highest amounts in the liver. It has a short half-life and is metabolised by cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) to the reactive metabolite, cis-but-2-ene-1,4-dialdehyde (BDA). BDA can bind covalently to amino acids, proteins and DNA. Furan is hepatotoxic in rats and mice with cholangiofibrosis in rats and hepatocellular adenomas/carcinomas in mice being the most prominent effects. There is limited evidence of chromosomal damage in vivo and a lack of understanding of the underlying mechanism. Clear evidence for indirect mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis include oxidative stress, gene expression alterations, epigenetic changes, inflammation and increased cell proliferation. The CONTAM Panel used a margin of exposure (MOE) approach for the risk characterisation using as a reference point a benchmark dose lower confidence limit for a benchmark response of 10% of 0.064 mg/kg body weight (bw) per day for the incidence of cholangiofibrosis in the rat. The calculated MOEs indicate a health concern. This conclusion was supported by the calculated MOEs for the neoplastic effects.

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Section: A Furanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks for public health related to the presence of furan and methylfurans in food

Knutsen¹,

Alexander²,

Barregård³

et al. 2017

EFS2

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“…Changes in thymic lymphocyte subpopulations at the furan highest dose (8 mg/kg body weight ) suggested possible effects of this compound on the immune system (Gill et al, ). In the other words, thymic lymphocyte subpopulations shifting toward decline in CD4+CD8+ cells and a corresponding increase in all other populations of thymocytes including CD4‐CD8‐, CD4+CD8‐, and CD4‐CD8+ could be as a result to furan exposure (Alam, Zeid, Abu, & Imam, ; Baş, Pandır, & Kalender, ; Gill et al, ). Recent studies proposed that antioxidants may play an important role to ameliorate toxic effects of furan (El‐Akabawy & El‐Sherif, ).…”

Section: Review Of Furan Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial furan and its biological effects on the body systems

et al. 2018

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Furan as a product of thermal processing is found in many foods and beverages. In vitro and in vivo genotoxicity was positive for furan, also when metabolic preconditions for the formation of Z‐2‐butene‐1,4dialdehyde (BDA), the reactive compound, was met. However, in major studies, high doses represented the genotoxic effect. Moreover, data on toxicity in different cells and organs are inconsistent. For preparing remarkable risk assessments in human, providing bioassay data is necessary. We aimed to review available evidences about furan and BDA. A vast number of studies have been published on toxicity of furan in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we present a comprehensive review on the current status of furan in inducing toxic effects in different body systems, and possible mechanisms involved in the negative effects of this compound. In this article, furan mitigation procedures in foods have been taken into account. Practical applications From industrial point, furan is repeatedly used as an intermediate chemical in the process of producing some compounds such as resins, lacquers, pesticides and drugs. Furthermore, it is common as a side‐product of high‐energy radiation and thermal processes in food production. The current study focused on the effects of furan on the body organs. Furthermore, furan mitigation procedures in foods have been addressed in the current study. Nearly all previous studies on the industrial furan demonstrated that it has adverse health effects on the organs of the body. In order to prove specific results, further studies regarding furan risk assessment is of great importance.

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“… 26 Recently, the protective role of Qct against hemotoxic and immunotoxic effects of furan in rats was reported. 27 Qct has protective effects against hepatic injury by increasing plasma antioxidant capacity. 28 , 29 Qct has been reported as radioprotective in mice lung via suppression of NFκB and MAPK pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective role of quercetin against manganese-induced injury in the liver, kidney, and lung; and hematological parameters in acute and subchronic rat models

Bahar

Lee

Bhattarai

et al. 2017

DDDT

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Manganese (Mn) is an important mineral element required in trace amounts for development of the human body, while over- or chronic-exposure can cause serious organ toxicity. The current study was designed to evaluate the protective role of quercetin (Qct) against Mn-induced toxicity in the liver, kidney, lung, and hematological parameters in acute and subchronic rat models. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control, Mn (100 mg/kg for acute model and 15 mg/kg for subchronic model), and Mn + Qct (25 and 50 mg/kg) groups in both acute and subchronic models. Our result revealed that Mn + Qct groups effectively reduced Mn-induced ALT, AST, and creatinine levels. However, Mn + Qct groups had effectively reversed Mn-induced alteration of complete blood count, including red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, platelets, and white blood cells. Meanwhile, the Mn + Qct groups had significantly decreased neutrophil and eosinophil and increased lymphocyte levels relative to the Mn group. Additionally, Mn + Qct groups showed a beneficial effect against Mn-induced macrophages and neutrophils. Our result demonstrated that Mn + Qct groups exhibited protective effects on Mn-induced alteration of GRP78, CHOP, and caspase-3 activities. Furthermore, histopathological observation showed that Mn + Qct groups effectively counteracted Mn-induced morphological change in the liver, kidney, and lung. Moreover, immunohistochemically Mn + Qct groups had significantly attenuated Mn-induced 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine immunoreactivity. Our study suggests that Qct could be a substantially promising organ-protective agent against toxic Mn effects and perhaps against other toxic metal chemicals or drugs.

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Protective role of quercetin against hematotoxic and immunotoxic effects of furan in rats

Cited by 27 publications

References 62 publications

Risks for public health related to the presence of furan and methylfurans in food

Risks for public health related to the presence of furan and methylfurans in food

Industrial furan and its biological effects on the body systems

Protective role of quercetin against manganese-induced injury in the liver, kidney, and lung; and hematological parameters in acute and subchronic rat models

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