Protein amino acids as markers for biological sources in urban aerosols

Abe, René Yo; Akutsu, Yasuhiro; Kagemoto, Hiroshi

doi:10.1007/s10311-015-0536-0

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Because these combined AAs are abundant in natural sources (barley and cereals), a substantial contribution of these AAs to the total CAAs was observed in aerosol. Therefore, the composition profiles of CAAs in aerosols have been used to identify the emission sources of primary aerosol particles (Abe et al, ; Miguel et al, ). However, the composition profiles of biomass burning, as an important source of aerosol CAAs, is still poorly understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, hydrophobic amino acids (e.g., Ala, Leu, and Ile) are the most abundant AA species in fibrous proteins, while amino acids with positively charged R‐groups (e.g., His, Lys, and Arg) are major AA species in histones (Armstrong et al, ). Recent studies have suggested that the composition profiles of CAAs in aerosol can identify emission sources of primary aerosol particles (Abe et al, ; Mandalakis et al, ; Miguel et al, ). This method has proved to be less time consuming (Abe et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have suggested that the composition profiles of CAAs in aerosol can identify emission sources of primary aerosol particles (Abe et al, ; Mandalakis et al, ; Miguel et al, ). This method has proved to be less time consuming (Abe et al, ). However, detailed data about the amino acid profiles of primary emission sources are very limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

et al. 2020

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Amino acids is an important organic nitrogen compound class in aerosol. Its origins and transformation in the atmosphere remain poorly understood. The concentrations of free amino acids (FAAs) and combined amino acids (CAAs) and δ15N values of free and combined Glycine (Gly) in PM2.5 and main emission sources (plant, soil, and aerosol from biomass burning) were investigated from five sampling sites in Nanchang area (Jiangxi Province, China). Our results showed that the composition profiles of CAAs and FAAs were quite different from each other in PM2.5. For CAAs, percentages of individual combined amino acids were different between biomass burning sources and plant or soil sources, and we found that the composition profiles of aerosol CAAs could reflect the contribution of the main emission sources. For FAAs, a predominance of free Gly was observed in aerosol FAAs pool because atmospheric photooxidative processes could increase free Gly and decrease other reactive FAAs. This implied that the composition of aerosol FAAs could not reflect their origins. A strong correlation between δ15NF‐Gly values in aerosols or sources and the δ15NC‐Gly values in their parent CAAs was observed, indicating that the isotope effect associated with Gly transformation in aerosols may be small. Additionally, we found more positive δ15NGly in aerosols emitted by biomass burning, which was likely due to 15N‐depleted amino‐N loss from Gly molecule. The results suggested that δ15NGly values in aerosols might be used to identify biomass burning sources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

et al. 2020

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“…A first attractive field experiment would be to assess in real-time the fraction of bioaerosols from traffic related carbonaceous emissions at the periphery of a large urban area or at rural sites close to a highway or a road tunnel. AAs are indeed identified as excellent bioaerosols proxy in urban environments 35 . A more technical, but attractive, outcome in the case of urban areas, would be to assess the fraction of bioaerosols in each of the different “spectra clusters” that have been often identified by self-referencing classification in the studies using spectrally resolved fluorescence measurements of individual particles 36 37 38 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Discriminating Bio-aerosols from Non-Bio-aerosols in Real-Time by Pump-Probe Spectroscopy

Sousa

Gaulier

Bonacina

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The optical identification of bioaerosols in the atmosphere and its discrimination against combustion related particles is a major issue for real-time, field compatible instruments. In the present paper, we show that by embedding advanced pump-probe depletion spectroscopy schemes in a portable instrument, it is possible to discriminate amino acid containing airborne particles (bacteria, humic particles, etc.) from poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing combustion particles (Diesel droplets, soot, vehicle exhausts) with high selectivity. Our real-time, multi-modal device provides, in addition to the pump-probe depletion information, fluorescence spectra (over 32 channels), fluorescence lifetime and Mie scattering patterns of each individually flowing particle in the probed air.

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“…There are some studies highlighting other possible sources such as emissions by volcanoes (Scalabrin et al, 2012), biomass burning emissions (Chan et al, 2005) and marine emissions by sea bubble bursting (Barbaro et al, 2015;Matsumoto and Uematsu, 2005). Due to the wide variety of AAs sources in the atmosphere, it is rather difficult to correlate AA concentration and speciation with specific sources: Abe et al (2016) recently proposed to use AAs as markers for biological sources in urban aerosols (Abe et al, 2016); Matsumoto and Uematsu (2005) suggested that the major source of free amino acids (FAAs) in aerosols over the remote North Pacific are related to long-range transport from continental areas; Scalabrin et al (2012) used AAs ratio to evaluate aerosol aging in the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free amino acids quantification in cloud water at the puy de Dôme station (France)

Renard¹,

Brissy

Rossi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Eighteen free amino acids (FAAs) were quantified in cloud water sampled at the puy de Dôme station (PUY – France) during 13 cloud events. This quantification has been performed without concentration neither derivatization, using LC-MS and the standard addition method to avoid matrix effects. Total concentrations of FAAs (TCAAs) vary from 1.2 µM to 7.7 µM, Ser (Serine) being the most abundant AA (23.7 % in average) but with elevated standard deviation, followed by Glycine (Gly) (20.5 %), Alanine (Ala) (11.9 %), Asparagine (Asn) (8.7 %), and Leucine/Isoleucine (Leu/I) (6.4 %). The distribution of AAs among the cloud events reveals high variability. TCAA constitutes between 0.5 and 4.4 % of the dissolved organic carbon measured in the cloud samples. AAs quantification in cloud water is scarce but the results agree with the few studies that investigated AAs in this aqueous medium. The environmental variability is assessed through a statistical analysis. This work shows that AAs are correlated with the time spent by the air masses in the boundary layer, especially over the sea surface before reaching the PUY. The cloud microphysical properties fluctuation does not explain the AAs variability in our samples confirming previous studies at PUY. We finally assessed the sources and the atmospheric processes that potentially explain the prevailing presence of certain AAs in the cloud samples. The initial relative distribution of AAs in biological matrices (proteins extracted from bacterial cells or mammalian cells, for example) could explain the dominance of Ala, Gly and Leu/I. AA composition of aquatic organisms (i.e., diatoms species) could also explain the high concentrations of Ser in our samples. The analysis of the AAs hydropathy also indicates a higher contribution of AAs (80 % in average) that are hydrophilic or neutral revealing the fact that other AAs (hydrophobic) are less favorably incorporated into cloud droplets. Finally, the atmospheric aging of AAs has been evaluated by calculating atmospheric lifetimes considering their potential transformation in the cloud medium by biotic or abiotic (mainly oxidation) processes. The most concentrated AAs encountered in our samples present the longest atmospheric lifetimes and the less dominant are clearly efficiently transformed in the atmosphere, potentially explaining their low concentrations. However, this cannot fully explain the relative contribution of several AAs in the cloud samples. This reveals the high complexity of the bio-physico-chemical processes occurring in the multiphasic atmospheric environment.

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Protein amino acids as markers for biological sources in urban aerosols

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

Sources and Transformation Processes of Proteinaceous Matter and Free Amino Acids in PM2.5

Discriminating Bio-aerosols from Non-Bio-aerosols in Real-Time by Pump-Probe Spectroscopy

Free amino acids quantification in cloud water at the puy de Dôme station (France)

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