Protein and albumin contents in several freshwater fish species of Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Abstract

Albumin of snakehead fish has been widely used in the health and nutritional applications for the past 10 - 15 years. An intensive exploitation to produce fish albumin has placed the natural stock of snakehead fish under a great pressure. Furthermore, its aquaculture production has not been significantly developed to balance the industrial demands. Therefore, the present work aimed to look for the potential sources of fish albumin of freshwater origin as an alternative to that of snakehead fish. The present work analysed seven freshwater fish species namely catfish (Clarias gariepinus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), eel (Monopterus albus), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), pangas catfish (Pangasius pangasius), snakehead fish (Channa striata), and three-spotted gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus). Albumin extraction was done by mixing 50 g of pre-homogenised fish meat with 200 mL of distilled water, homogenised in a laboratory homogeniser for 1 min, and heated in a water bath at 50°C for 60 min. The mixture was filtered using a Whatman No. 40 filter paper under reduced pressure. The filtrate volume was recorded and stored at -20°C until further analysis. The parameters analysed were total protein, total soluble protein, and albumin level. Results indicated that the total protein content of meat was 17.93 - 21.87% (w/w), the lowest being in catfish and the highest in snakehead fish; total soluble protein was 2.43 - 5.43 g/100 g (w/w), the lowest being in eel and the highest in snakehead fish; and albumin content was 0.83 - 3.35 g/100 g (w/w), the lowest being in Nile tilapia and the highest in common carp. The higher albumin content in the common carp (3.35 g/100 g) and pangas catfish (3.22 g/100 g) as compared to that of snakehead fish (2.97 g/100 g) indicated that common carp and pangas catfish are highly potential to be used as alternative fish albumin source.

The Presence of Bioactive Compounds in European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) Skin: A Comparative Study with Edible Tissue

“…A higher protein content (ca. 18.1%) than in the current study was also detected in farmed and freshwater eel (Monopterus albus) muscle [40]. A varying lipid content (3.6-20.4%) resulting from the catching season and location was proved for freshwater eel (A. japonica) muscle [41], as well as from comparing A. japonica individuals in the initial and terminal stages of spawning migration (0.3-20.6%) [42].…”

Profil proksimat, asam amino, dan asam lemak MPASI dengan bahan baku tepung ikan

“…Ikan mas merupakan salah satu biota perairan tawar yang sudah dibudidayakan dan umumnya menjadi ikan konsumsi. Nurfaidah et al (2021) melaporkan bahwa ikan mas memiliki kandungan protein total sebesar 17,88% dan 3% di antaranya adalah protein larut air berupa albumin. Nilai tersebut tertinggi dibandingkan ikan air tawar lainnya, sehingga sangat potensial dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan MPASI.…”

“…Ikan yang dijadikan sampel memiliki ukuran yang bervariasi antara 340-824 g. Ikan dibersihkan dari sisik, kotoran, tulang, dan benda asing lainnya meliputi lumpur atau tanah, selanjutnya daging ikan diiris menjadi potongan tipis tanpa tulang. Pembuatan albumin ikan mas mengacu pada Nurfaidah et al (2021) yang diawali dengan penimbangan daging ikan sebanyak 100 g, dihaluskan menggunakan blender (Waring 8010 BU, USA) dan dihomogenkan menggunakan homogenizer (Wiggens D-500, Germany). Ekstrak yang sudah homogen dipanaskan menggunakan waterbath (Memmert WNB14RACK, Jerman) selama 60 menit pada suhu 50°C dengan perbandingan daging ikan dan akuades (1:4), kemudian didinginkan dan disaring menggunakan kertas saring (Whatman No 1) dan pompa vakum (Rocker 410, Taiwan).…”

“…Daging lumat lalu dikeringkan pada cabinet dryer (LABTEX, Indonesia) suhu 50°C selama ±12 jam. Hasil pengeringan dihaluskan menggunakan blender dan diayak dengan saringan 60 mesh, sehingga dihasilkan tepung dari daging ikan mas (Nurfaidah et al, 2021).…”

Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Quality, Serum Biochemical Indices, and Visceral Peritoneum of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) Fed with Two Distinct Aquaculture Systems

“…Abnormal conditions in a fish's body, including lesions, injuries, or other irregularities, can lead to abnormalities in serum biochemical indicators. The total protein, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase in serum play important roles in fish metabolism and immune function, with albumin being the most abundant protein in plasma, closely related to fish immunity and the health index [62,63]. The findings indicated that the levels of serum total protein and alkaline phosphatase were notably elevated in the IPRS group compared to the TPI group (p < 0.01), with the albumin content also being significantly higher in the IPRS group than the TPI group (p < 0.05) (Table 7), consistent with the findings of Ma's study [12].…”