Protein and amino acid metabolism during early starvation as reflected by excretion of urea and methylhistidines

Giesecke, Kajsa; Magnusson, Inger; Ahlberg, M; Hagenfeldt, Lars; Wahren, John

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(89)90159-5

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Mobilization of muscle proteins was similar; muscle protein synthesis was inhibited, and 3-methylhistidine excretion tended to be reduced at both ages. Such a sparing of muscle during starvation through an inhibition of both protein synthesis and degradation has already been described (9,11,13,18,19,23). Our results are characteristic of the effect of long-term fasting in moderately fat mature animals (fat content is 15% body wt in 12-mo-old rats, 20% body wt in 24-mo-old rats; unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Lower recovery of muscle protein lost during starvation in old rats despite a stimulation of protein synthesis

Mosoni

Malmezat

Valluy

et al. 1999

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Sarcopenia could result from the inability of an older individual to recover muscle lost during catabolic periods. To test this hypothesis, we compared the capacity of 5-day-refed 12- and 24-mo-old rats to recover muscle mass lost after 10 days without food. We measured gastrocnemius and liver protein synthesis with the flooding-dose method and also measured nitrogen balance, 3-methylhistidine excretion, and the gene expression of components of proteolytic pathways in muscle comparing fed, starved, and refed rats at each age. We show that 24-mo-old rats had an altered capacity to recover muscle proteins. Muscle protein synthesis, inhibited during starvation, returned to control values during refeeding in both age groups. The lower recovery in 24-mo-old rats was related to a lack of inhibition of muscle proteolysis during refeeding. The level of gene expression of components of the proteolytic pathways did not account for the variations in muscle proteolysis at both ages. In conclusion, this study highlights the role of muscle proteolysis in the lower recovery of muscle protein mass lost during catabolic periods.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Lower recovery of muscle protein lost during starvation in old rats despite a stimulation of protein synthesis

Mosoni

Malmezat

Valluy

et al. 1999

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As for the second intervention, the PF rats showed a decreased body weight gain and an elevated BUN level. This suggests that the PF rats experienced metabolic changes associated with caloric restriction [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Chronically administered islet amyloid polypeptide in rats serves as an adiposity inhibitor and regulates energy homeostasis

et al. 2005

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“…As glucose availability in the progressing postprandial period becomes limited, other energy sources become increasingly utilized. In our study, serum urea, triglyceride, and NEFA concentrations were elevated throughout or towards the end of the MTT in all pigs, suggesting increased deamination of amino acids via the urea cycle and lipolysis for energy supply [36,37]. Notably, serum urea levels were approximately 30%–40% greater over the entire 8-h blood sampling period in TGS-fed pigs compared to CON, which clearly suggests enhanced utilization of amino acids to balance plasma glucose levels via gluconeogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Transglycosylated Starch Improves Insulin Response and Alters Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolome in a Growing Pig Model

et al. 2017

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Due to the functional properties and physiological effects often associated with chemically modified starches, significant interest lies in their development for incorporation in processed foods. This study investigated the effect of transglycosylated cornstarch (TGS) on blood glucose, insulin, and serum metabolome in the pre- and postprandial phase in growing pigs. Eight jugular vein-catheterized barrows were fed two diets containing 72% purified starch (waxy cornstarch (CON) or TGS). A meal tolerance test (MTT) was performed with serial blood sampling for glucose, insulin, lipids, and metabolome profiling. TGS-fed pigs had reduced postprandial insulin (p < 0.05) and glucose (p < 0.10) peaks compared to CON-fed pigs. The MTT showed increased (p < 0.05) serum urea with TGS-fed pigs compared to CON, indicative of increased protein catabolism. Metabolome profiling showed reduced (p < 0.05) amino acids such as alanine and glutamine with TGS, suggesting increased gluconeogenesis compared to CON, probably due to a reduction in available glucose. Of all metabolites affected by dietary treatment, alkyl-acyl-phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins were generally increased (p < 0.05) preprandially, whereas diacyl-phosphatidylcholines and lysophosphatidylcholines were decreased (p < 0.05) postprandially in TGS-fed pigs compared to CON. In conclusion, TGS led to changes in postprandial insulin and glucose metabolism, which may have caused the alterations in serum amino acid and phospholipid metabolome profiles.

show abstract

Protein and amino acid metabolism during early starvation as reflected by excretion of urea and methylhistidines

Cited by 36 publications

References 17 publications

Lower recovery of muscle protein lost during starvation in old rats despite a stimulation of protein synthesis

Lower recovery of muscle protein lost during starvation in old rats despite a stimulation of protein synthesis

Chronically administered islet amyloid polypeptide in rats serves as an adiposity inhibitor and regulates energy homeostasis

Transglycosylated Starch Improves Insulin Response and Alters Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolome in a Growing Pig Model

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