Protein and Energy Supplementation of High Alfalfa Silage Diets During Early Lactation

Dhiman, T. R.; Cadorniga, C.; Satter, L.D.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(93)77528-1

Cited by 51 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Thus, cows in good condition at calving should be fed an energy-rich diet in order to reduce the mobilisation of body reserves and increase milk yield. The higher glucose concentration in cows offered diet H post-calving is in accordance with other trials in which different energy densities have been offered post-calving (Nachtomi et al, 1991;Dhiman et al, 1993;Reist et al, 2003;Andersen et al, 2004) and likewise for the lowered NEFA (Nachtomi et al, 1991;Dhiman et al, 1993;Reist et al, 2003). The higher glucose level post-calving for cows offered diet H post-calving was most likely caused by a higher absorption of glycogenic precursors, especially starch, because of a higher DMI.…”

Section: Effect Of Diet On Post-calving Measuressupporting

confidence: 86%

Energy intake in late gestation affects blood metabolites in early lactation independently of milk production in dairy cows

Nielsen

Hameleers²,

Young

et al. 2010

Animal

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The present experiment examined the effect of offering either a high-(H) or low-(L) energy-density diet in late gestation and early lactation on physiological parameters, body condition score (BCS) and milk production in early lactation. In all, 40 multiparous Holstein cows were randomly allocated to one of four treatments in a 2 3 2 factorial design, where the factors were H-or L-energy density in a total mixed ration (TMR) both pre-and post-calving. Consequently, there were four treatment groups: HH, HL, LL and LH. The pre-calving treatment was initiated 100 days prior to expected calving; the H TMR was fed ad libitum whereas the L TMR was restricted to 10 kg dry matter/day during late lactation, and to approximately 75% of energy requirements from drying off until calving. Both diets were offered ad libitum post-calving. Feeding diet H compared to L precalving led to higher BCS at calving (2.68 v. 2.34, P , 0.01). Energy corrected milk yield and energy-intake post-calving were not affected by pre-calving diets. Changes in BCS and blood concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate and glucose in early lactation showed that cows offered diet H pre-calving generally mobilised more body reserves compared to cows offered diet L pre-calving. An interaction between pre-and post-calving diets showed that cows offered diet H pre-calving had lower body tissue mobilisation when offered diet H post-calving compared to diet L. Cows offered diet L pre-calving, did not mobilise differently whether they were offered diet H or L post-calving. The pre-and post-calving diets had no effect on liver triacylglycerol, whereas liver glycogen was higher in cows on treatment HH compared to the other three treatments. Collectively, these results indicate that overfeeding should be avoided in late gestation and that a high-energy-density diet is desirable in early lactation in order to obtain a more favourable metabolic profile.

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Section: Effect Of Diet On Post-calving Measuressupporting

confidence: 86%

Energy intake in late gestation affects blood metabolites in early lactation independently of milk production in dairy cows

Nielsen

Hameleers²,

Young

et al. 2010

Animal

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“…Other studies have shown either increased intake (Cozzi et al 1996), decreased intake (Dhiman et al 1993) or no effects on forage intake (Shingfield et al 2002a). In the present experiment, the intake depression of forage might be explained by the higher ME intake from the PG concentrate leading to equal total ME intake in the -PG and +PG diets.…”

Section: Intakementioning

confidence: 47%

Effects of restriction of silage fermentation with formic acid on milk production

Jaakkola¹,

Rinne²,

Heikkilä³

2008

AFSci

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The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of silage fermentation quality and type of supplementation on milk production. Thirty two Finnish Ayrshire dairy cows were used in a cyclic change-over experiment with four 21-day experimental periods and 4 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Silage fermentation was modified with formic acid (FA), which was applied at the rates equivalent to 0 (FA 0 ), 2 (FA 2 ), 4 (FA 4 ) or 6 (FA 6 ) litres t -1 grass of pure formic acid (as 100% FA). Dietary treatments consisted of four silages, a protein supplementation (no supplement or rapeseed meal 1.8 kg d -1 ) and a glucogenic substrate (no supplement or propylene glycol 225 g d -1 ). Increasing the application rate of FA restricted silage fermentation curvilinearly, as evidenced by higher concentrations of ammonia N and butyric acid in FA 4 than FA 2 silage. Similarly the use of FA resulted in curvilinear changes in the silage dry matter intake and milk yield. The highest milk and protein yields were achieved with FA 6 , while the milk yield with FA 2 was higher than with FA 4 . Interactions were observed between silage type and supplementation. Rapeseed meal increased milk yield irrespective of the extent of silage fermentation, but the magnitude of response was variable. Propylene glycol was most beneficial with restrictively fermented silages FA 4 and FA 6 . In conclusion, restriction of silage fermentation with a high rate of formic acid is beneficial in milk production. Interactions between silage composition and concentrate types suggest that the responses to supplementary feeding depend on silage fermentation characteristics.

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“…This is considered a moderate difference compared with trials where a difference in concentrates of 30-50 percentage units between diets has been used (Nachtomi et al, 1991;Dhiman et al, 1993;Andersen et al, 2004). The moderate difference between diet H and N caused significant differences in responses of 2.1 kg DM in week 5 þ 6 (2.0 v. 20.1 and 1.3 v. 3.4, Tables 3 and 4), i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of changes in diet energy density on feed intake, milk yield and metabolic parameters in dairy cows in early lactation

Nielsen

Friggens

Larsen

et al. 2007

Animal

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The purpose of this experiment was to investigate how early lactating cows adjust their metabolism and production to acute, but moderate changes in the energy density of the diet. Sixty dairy cows were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: two change-over groups (HNH and NHN) and two control groups (HHH and NNN), where H and N refer to a high and normal energy density in the total mixed ration (TMR), respectively. The experimental period covered the first 9 weeks post calving, which was split up in three 3-week periods. Thus, cows assigned to HNH or NHN shifted TMR in weeks 4 and 7 after calving while cows assigned to HHH or NNN were fed the same TMR for all 9 weeks. Results from cows on treatment HNH were compared with group HHH while cows on treatment NHN were compared with group NNN. When the diet changed from N to H and H to N, cows increased and decreased their dry-matter intake (DMI), respectively compared with control groups. Cows adjusted milk yield accordingly to changes in DMI, although not always significantly. Energy-corrected milk yield was not significantly affected by any of the changes in the energy density of the diet but generally showed same tendencies as milk yield. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate in blood and milk and triacylglycerol and glycogen content in the liver were not significantly affected by changes in the energy density of the diet, except from NEFA at one change. Glucose increased more when the diet changed from N to H and increased less when the diet changed from H to N, compared with control groups, although not always significantly. Collectively, these results suggest that cows adjust their DMI and partly milk yield according to the energy density of the diet and therefore only limited effects were observed in physiological parameters.

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Protein and Energy Supplementation of High Alfalfa Silage Diets During Early Lactation

Cited by 51 publications

References 20 publications

Energy intake in late gestation affects blood metabolites in early lactation independently of milk production in dairy cows

Energy intake in late gestation affects blood metabolites in early lactation independently of milk production in dairy cows

Effects of restriction of silage fermentation with formic acid on milk production

Effect of changes in diet energy density on feed intake, milk yield and metabolic parameters in dairy cows in early lactation

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