Protein-Directed Synthesis of Bifunctional Adsorbent-Catalytic Hemin-Graphene Nanosheets for Highly Efficient Removal of Dye Pollutants via Synergistic Adsorption and Degradation

Abstract

Herein, for the first time, we report a "green", one-pot reduction/decoration method for the synthesis of bifunctional adsorbent-catalytic hemin-graphene nanosheets by using a common available protein (bovine serum albumin, BSA) as both a reductant and a stabilizer. Our prepared nanosheets are highly stable and possess intrinsic peroxidase-like catalytic activity due to the decoration of BSA and hemin. Furthermore, benefiting from the combined advantages of graphene and BSA, these nanosheets are able to efficiently adsorb dye pollutants from aqueous solution. More importantly, due to their adsorption and catalytic ability, these adsorbent-catalytic nanosheets can be applied to highly efficient dye removal via synergistic adsorption and degradation. Specifically, our catalysts can easily bring organic dyes to their surface by adsorption, and then activate HO to generate hydroxyl radicals, leading to the degradation of the dyes. Such catalytic mechanism of our as-prepared nanosheets was analogous to that of natural enzymes, in which the extremely high catalytic efficiency is largely dependent upon their ability to bring substrates in close proximity to the active sites of enzymes. Our finding may open new potential applications of hemin-graphene hybrid nanosheets in environmental chemistry, biotechnology, and medicine.

Carbon Nanozymes: Enzymatic Properties, Catalytic Mechanism, and Applications

“…[42,69,77,87,98,129,168] Safavi and colleagues highlighted the peroxidase-like behavior of CQDs for azo dye degradation. [42,69,77,87,98,129,168] Safavi and colleagues highlighted the peroxidase-like behavior of CQDs for azo dye degradation.…”

“…[42,69,77,87,98,129,168] Safavi and colleagues highlighted the peroxidase-like behavior of CQDs for azo dye degradation. [42] Additionally,s ome other dyes,f or instance,r hodamine B, [69,168] methylene blue, [98] phenolic compounds, [77,129] and orange II, [87] could be catalytically degraded by rGO-Au, [129] rGO-Co 3 O 4 , [98] GQDs-Fe 3 O 4 , [77] CNTs-Fe 3 O 4 , [87] rGO-Hemin, [168] Co-doped C 3 N 4 , [69] and other hybrid CNM-based artificial peroxidases.Because the CNMs are environmentally friendly,t hey display great potential in environmental engineering. [42] Additionally,s ome other dyes,f or instance,r hodamine B, [69,168] methylene blue, [98] phenolic compounds, [77,129] and orange II, [87] could be catalytically degraded by rGO-Au, [129] rGO-Co 3 O 4 , [98] GQDs-Fe 3 O 4 , [77] CNTs-Fe 3 O 4 , [87] rGO-Hemin, [168] Co-doped C 3 N 4 , [69] and other hybrid CNM-based artificial peroxidases.Because the CNMs are environmentally friendly,t hey display great potential in environmental engineering.…”

“…Since CNMs can enhance the oxidation capacity of H 2 O 2 , CNM-based artificial peroxidase-catalyzed reaction have been used for environmental applications. [42,69,77,87,98,129,168] Safavi and colleagues highlighted the peroxidase-like behavior of CQDs for azo dye degradation. [42] In the degradation experiments,C QDs could accelerate the degradation efficiency and rate constant of methyl red and methyl orange.…”

“…[42] In the degradation experiments,C QDs could accelerate the degradation efficiency and rate constant of methyl red and methyl orange. [42] Additionally,s ome other dyes,f or instance,r hodamine B, [69,168] methylene blue, [98] phenolic compounds, [77,129] and orange II, [87] could be catalytically degraded by rGO-Au, [129] rGO-Co 3 O 4 , [98] GQDs-Fe 3 O 4 , [77] CNTs-Fe 3 O 4 , [87] rGO-Hemin, [168] Co-doped C 3 N 4 , [69] and other hybrid CNM-based artificial peroxidases.Because the CNMs are environmentally friendly,t hey display great potential in environmental engineering.…”

Bioinspired Design of Fe3+‐Doped Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres for Enhanced Nanozyme Activity

“…Such fascinating features enable nanozymes to function as nanoreagents for various applications . For example, Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs), CeO 2 , and graphene oxide have been demonstrated to possess peroxidase‐mimicking activity and have been used for biosensor development, environmental remediation, and nanomedicine …”