Protein Disulfide Isomerase FgEps1 Is a Secreted Virulence Factor in Fusarium graminearum

Liu, Kouhan; Wang, Xintong; Li, Ying; Shi, Yifeng; Ren, Yanyan; Wang, Aolin; Zhao, Bingjie; Cheng, Peng; Wang, Baotong

doi:10.3390/jof9101009

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 47 publications

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“…In F. graminearum, the fgvelB mutant failed to produce fruiting bodies [42]. FgEps1 is a protein disulfide isomerase of F. graminearum, and it was found that ∆fgeps1 produced no perithecia on the medium [43]. The AP1 complex, a clathrin adaptor that is highly conserved, includes FgAP1σ as one of its subunits in F. graminearum.…”

Section: Genes Involves In the Formation Of Peritheciamentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Understanding Fusarium graminearum: Genes Involved in the Regulation of Sexual Development, Pathogenesis, and Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis

Niu,

Yang,

Liao

et al. 2024

Genes

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The wheat head blight disease caused by Fusarium graminearum is a major concern for food security and the health of both humans and animals. As a pathogenic microorganism, F. graminearum produces virulence factors during infection to increase pathogenicity, including various macromolecular and small molecular compounds. Among these virulence factors, secreted proteins and deoxynivalenol (DON) are important weapons for the expansion and colonization of F. graminearum. Besides the presence of virulence factors, sexual reproduction is also crucial for the infection process of F. graminearum and is indispensable for the emergence and spread of wheat head blight. Over the last ten years, there have been notable breakthroughs in researching the virulence factors and sexual reproduction of F. graminearum. This review aims to analyze the research progress of sexual reproduction, secreted proteins, and DON of F. graminearum, emphasizing the regulation of sexual reproduction and DON synthesis. We also discuss the application of new gene engineering technologies in the prevention and control of wheat head blight.

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Section: Genes Involves In the Formation Of Peritheciamentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Understanding Fusarium graminearum: Genes Involved in the Regulation of Sexual Development, Pathogenesis, and Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis

Niu,

Yang,

Liao

et al. 2024

Genes

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Zinc metalloprotease FgM35, which targets the wheat zinc-binding protein TaZnBP, contributes to the virulence of Fusarium graminearum

Wang,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Stress Biology

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Metalloproteinases are ubiquitous in organisms. Most metalloproteinases secreted by pathogenic microorganisms are also called virulence factors, because they degrade proteins in the external tissues of the host, thereby reducing the host’s immunity and increasing its susceptibility to disease. Zinc metalloproteinase is one of the most common metalloproteinases. In our report, we studied the biological function of zinc metalloprotease FgM35 in Fusarium graminearum and the pathogen–host interaction during infection. We found that the asexual and sexual reproduction of the deletion mutant ΔFgM35 were affected, as well as the tolerance of F. graminearum to metal stress. In addition, deletion of FgM35 reduced the virulence of F. graminearum. The wheat target TaZnBP was screened using a wheat yeast cDNA library, and the interaction between FgM35 and TaZnBP was verified by HADDOCK molecular docking, yeast two-hybrid, Bi-FC, Luc, and Co-IP assays. The contribution of TaZnBP to plant immunity was also demonstrated. In summary, our work revealed the indispensable role of FgM35 in the reproductive process and the pathogenicity of F. graminearum, and it identified the interaction between FgM35 and TaZnBP as well as the function of TaZnBP. This provides a theoretical basis for further study of the function of metalloproteinases in pathogen–host interactions.

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Effector Protein Serine Carboxypeptidase FgSCP Is Essential for Full Virulence in Fusarium graminearum and Is Involved in Modulating Plant Immune Responses

Liu,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Phytopathology®

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Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum is a significant pathogen affecting wheat crops. During the infection process, effector proteins are secreted to modulate plant immunity and promote infection. The toxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is produced in infected wheat grains, posing a threat to human and animal health. Serine carboxypeptidases (SCPs) belong to the α/β hydrolase family of proteases and are widely distributed in plant and fungal vacuoles as well as animal lysosomes. Research on SCPs mainly focuses on the isolation, purification of a small number of fungi as well as their study in plants.However, their functions in F. graminearum, a fungal pathogen, remain relatively unknown. In this study, the biological functions of the FgSCP gene in F. graminearum were investigated. The study revealed that mutations in FgSCP affected nutritional growth, sexual reproduction, and stress tolerance of F. graminearum. Furthermore, the deletion of FgSCP resulted in reduced pathogenicity and hindered the biosynthesis of DON. The upregulation of FgSCP expression three days after infection indicated its involvement in host invasion, possibly acting as a “smokescreen” to deceive the host and suppress the expression of host defensive genes. Subsequently, we confirmed the secretion ability of FgSCP and its ability to inhibit the cell death induced by INF1 in Nicotiana. benthamiana cells, indicating its potential role as an effector protein in suppressing plant immune responses and promoting infection. In summary, we have identified FgSCP as an essential effector protein in F. graminearum, playing critical roles in growth, virulence, secondary metabolism, and host invasion.

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Protein Disulfide Isomerase FgEps1 Is a Secreted Virulence Factor in Fusarium graminearum

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

Advances in Understanding Fusarium graminearum: Genes Involved in the Regulation of Sexual Development, Pathogenesis, and Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis

Advances in Understanding Fusarium graminearum: Genes Involved in the Regulation of Sexual Development, Pathogenesis, and Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis

Zinc metalloprotease FgM35, which targets the wheat zinc-binding protein TaZnBP, contributes to the virulence of Fusarium graminearum

Effector Protein Serine Carboxypeptidase FgSCP Is Essential for Full Virulence in Fusarium graminearum and Is Involved in Modulating Plant Immune Responses

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