Protein expression of VEGF, IGF-1 and FGF in retroocular connective tissues and clinical correlation in Graves' ophthalmopathy

Abstract

5) (45.4%). VEGF: There were two positive cases (8.3%) for VEGF in endothelial cells, in these cases the patients also presented CAS higher than 5. There was no expressions of all growth factors in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: All patients, except one, with positive expression of FGF, IGF-1 and VEGF showed CAS greater than 5, suggesting in this way an important role of these growth factors in the pathogenesis and severity of Graves' ophthalmopathy. However, statistical analysis revealed only significant association between IGF-1 and male sex (P=0.034). Low ultrasound reflectivity and endocrine status may not correlate directly with disease activity or with immunoexpression of growth factors and c-erbB-2/HER-2/neu.]]>

Differential cytokine expression detected by protein microarray screening in peripheral blood of patients with refractory Graves' disease

“…Previous work has shown that incubation of orbital fibroblasts from GO patients with PDGF‐BB may enhance the expression of the thyroid‐stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) . Another study showed that there may be a correlation between EGF and GO, although this remains uncertain . Eotaxin‐3 and MIP‐3‐alpha belong to another cytokine family; to date, no studies have been undertaken on their involvement in GD or GO.…”

Safety of Bevacizumab on Extraocular Muscle in a Rabbit Model

“…Furthermore, VEGF is a vital factor in the inflammatory process and wound healing response [29,30], and it is present in extraocular muscle and retroorbital tissue [31]. Therefore, we expect that bevacizumab will be a useful future treatment modality in intraocular or extraocular ocular disorders.…”

Serum Concentration of VEGF and PDGF-AA in Patients with Active Thyroid Orbitopathy before and after Immunosuppressive Therapy

“…Our study supports the observations of other authors. Matos and al. found that patients with positive expression of FGF, IGF-1 and VEGF in extraocular eye muscles showed CAS greater than 5, suggesting in this way an important role of these growth factors in the pathogenesis and severity of TO [ 30 ] . Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a homodimeric protein centrally involved in wound healing and fi brotic diseases by stimulating chemotaxis, proliferation, and extracellular matrix production by mesenchymal cells, such as fi broblasts [ 31 , 32 ] .…”