Protein intake and risk of urolithiasis and kidney diseases: an umbrella review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline of the German Nutrition Society

Kalotai, Nicole; Amini, Anna M.; Lehmann, Andreas; Schmidt, Annemarie; Bischoff‐Ferrari, Heike A.; Egert, Sarah; Ellinger, Sabine; Kroke, Anja; Kühn, Tilman; Lorkowski, Stefan; Nimptsch, Katharina; Schwingshackl, Lukas; Zittermann, Armin; Watzl, Bernhard; Siener, Roswitha

doi:10.1007/s00394-023-03143-7

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“… 47 , 48 However, the evidence that high protein intake is cross‐sectionally or prospectively associated with albuminuria is not conclusive. 49 Albuminuria is also associated with intake of food with a high acid load in various populations. 50 , 51 The effects of all these factors can be minimized by using a first morning urine sample.…”

Section: Albuminuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Albuminuria: An Underappreciated Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

Barzilay,

Farag,

Durthaler

2024

JAHA

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Albuminuria, an established biomarker of the progression of chronic kidney disease, is also recognized as a biomarker for the risk of cardiovascular disease. Elevated urinary albumin excretion indicates kidney damage and systemic vascular disease, including myocardial capillary disease and arterial stiffness. Albuminuria is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, arrhythmias, and microvascular disease. There are now several therapeutic agents that can lead to albuminuria lowering and a reduction in cardiovascular risk. However, screening for albuminuria is still low. Considering the importance of multidisciplinary management of patients with cardiovascular disease, it is crucial that health care professionals managing such patients are aware of the benefits of albuminuria surveillance and management.

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Section: Albuminuriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Albuminuria: An Underappreciated Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

Barzilay,

Farag,

Durthaler

2024

JAHA

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“…Elevated dietary acidity, leading to a decrease in urine pH, poses a risk for various types of kidney stones, especially the most prevalent type, calcium oxalate stones. Higher urine pH levels are associated with increased excretion of stone-inhibiting citrate and greater calcium-binding capacity, as well as reduced urinary calcium excretion [ 43 ].…”

Section: An Explanation Of the Diet For The Kidney Stone Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Multidisciplinary Approach in the Management of Patients with Kidney Stone Disease—A State-of-the-Art Review

Balawender,

Łuszczki,

Mazur

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Kidney stone disease has a multifactorial etiology, and evolving dietary habits necessitate continuous updates on the impact of dietary components on lithogenesis. The relationship between diseases influenced by lifestyle, such as obesity and diabetes, and kidney stone risk underscores the need for comprehensive lifestyle analysis. Effective management of kidney stones requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving collaboration among nutritionists, urologists, nephrologists, and other healthcare professionals to address the complex interactions between diet, lifestyle, and individual susceptibility. Personalized dietary therapy, based on each patient’s unique biochemical and dietary profile, is essential and necessitates comprehensive nutritional assessments. Accurate dietary intake evaluation is best achieved through seven-day, real-time dietary records. Key factors influencing urinary risk include fluid intake, dietary protein, carbohydrates, oxalate, calcium, and sodium chloride. Personalized interventions, such as customized dietary changes based on gut microbiota, may improve stone prevention and recurrence. Current research suggests individualized guidance on alcohol intake and indicates that tea and coffee consumption might protect against urolithiasis. There is potential evidence linking tobacco use and secondhand smoke to increased kidney stone risk. The effects of vitamins and physical activity on kidney stone risk remain unresolved due to mixed evidence. For diseases influenced by lifestyle, conclusive evidence on targeted interventions for nephrolithiasis prevention is lacking, though preliminary research suggests potential benefits. Management strategies emphasize lifestyle modifications to reduce recurrence risks, support rapid recovery, and identify predisposing conditions, highlighting the importance of these changes despite inconclusive data.

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“…The German Nutrition Society is currently developing an evidence-based guideline for protein intake regarding the impact of protein amount and type on several outcomes in the general adult population, namely bone health [ 12 ], kidney health [ 13 ], blood pressure, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, muscle health, type 2 diabetes mellitus and BW and related outcomes [ 14 ]. The current manuscript focuses on the latter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein intake and body weight, fat mass and waist circumference: an umbrella review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline on protein intake of the German Nutrition Society

Ellinger,

Amini,

Haardt

et al. 2023

Eur J Nutr

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Purpose This umbrella review aimed to assess whether dietary protein intake with regard to quantitative (higher vs. lower dietary protein intake) and qualitative considerations (total, plant-based or animal-based protein intake) affects body weight (BW), fat mass (FM) and waist circumference (WC). Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews (SRs) with and without meta-analyses of prospective studies published between 04 October 2007 and 04 January 2022. Methodological quality and outcome-specific certainty of evidence of the retrieved SRs were assessed by using AMSTAR 2 and NutriGrade, respectively, in order to rate the overall certainty of evidence using predefined criteria. Results Thirty-three SRs were included in this umbrella review; 29 were based on randomised controlled trials, a few included cohort studies. In studies without energy restriction, a high-protein diet did not modulate BW, FM and WC in adults in general (all “possible” evidence); for older adults, overall certainty of evidence was “insufficient” for all parameters. Under hypoenergetic diets, a high-protein diet mostly decreased BW and FM, but evidence was “insufficient” due to low methodological quality. Evidence regarding an influence of the protein type on BW, FM and WC was “insufficient”. Conclusion “Possible” evidence exists that the amount of protein does not affect BW, FM and WC in adults under isoenergetic conditions. Its impact on the reduction in BW and FM under hypoenergetic conditions remains unclear; evidence for an influence of protein type on BW, FM and WC is “insufficient”.

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Protein intake and risk of urolithiasis and kidney diseases: an umbrella review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline of the German Nutrition Society

Cited by 10 publications

References 75 publications

Albuminuria: An Underappreciated Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

Albuminuria: An Underappreciated Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease

The Multidisciplinary Approach in the Management of Patients with Kidney Stone Disease—A State-of-the-Art Review

Protein intake and body weight, fat mass and waist circumference: an umbrella review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline on protein intake of the German Nutrition Society

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