In a previous study, we found that the SHIP2 protein became tyrosine phosphorylated and associated with the Shc adapter protein in response to the treatment of cells with growth factors and insulin (T. Habib, J. A. Hejna, R. E. Moses, and S. J. Decker, J. Biol. Chem. 273:18605-18609, 1998). We describe here a novel interaction between SHIP2 and the p130Cas adapter protein, a mediator of actin cytoskeleton organization.
SHIP2 and p130Cas association was detected in anti-SHIP2 immunoprecipitates from several cell types. Reattachment of trypsinized cells stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of SHIP2 and increased the formation of a complex containing SHIP2 and a faster-migrating tyrosine-phosphorylated form of p130Cas . The fastermigrating form of p130Cas was no longer recognized by antibodies to the amino terminus of p130 Cas and appeared to be generated through proteolysis. Interaction of the SHIP2 protein with the various forms of p130Cas was mediated primarily through the SH2 domain of SHIP2. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that SHIP2 localized to focal contacts and to lamellipodia. Increased adhesion was observed in HeLa cells transiently expressing exogenous WT-SHIP2. These effects were not seen with SHIP2 possessing a mutation in the SH2 domain (R47G). Transfection of a catalytic domain deletion mutant of SHIP2 (⌬RV) inhibited cell spreading. Taken together, our studies suggest an important role for SHIP2 in adhesion and spreading.Products of phosphatidylinositol (PI) metabolism are important second messengers in cellular signaling pathways (1,11,70,76). Activation of PI 3Ј-kinase, which phosphorylates the 3Ј position of the inositol ring of PI, is a critical event in growth factor, insulin, and G protein-mediated signal transduction (14,25,49). In addition, PI 3Ј-kinase plays an important role in the regulation of adhesion and migration (68). PI 3Ј-kinase activation localizes to cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion sites in epithelial cells, as well as to membrane ruffles in fibroblasts (78). Inhibition of PI 3Ј-kinase attenuated integrin-mediated adhesion and migration in several cell types, while expression of the catalytic p110 subunit of PI 3Ј-kinase enhanced cell adhesion (18,22,29,31,33,34,52,80). Moreover, p85, the regulatory subunit of PI 3Ј-kinase, interacted with proteins regulating adhesion and migration such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and p130Crk -associated substrate (p130 Cas ) (3,8,43).In vivo, the major substrate for PI 3Ј-kinase is phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI-(4,5)-P2] leading to the formation of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI-(3,4,5)-P3] (63). Significant pools of phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate [PI-(3,4)-P2] are also generated following PI 3Ј-kinase activation primarily through dephosphorylation of PI-(3,4,5)-P3 by 5Ј inositol phosphatases (27). PI-(3,4,5)-P3 and PI-(3,4)-P2 specifically interact with pleckstrin homology (PH) domains of proteins, regulating activity or intracellular localization of cellular enzymes such as Akt/PKB and its upstream k...