Protein malnutrition and aging affects entraining and intensity of locomotor activity and body temperature circadian rhythms in rats

Durán, Pilar; Miranda‐Anaya, Manuel; Mondragón-García, Ileana; Cintra, L.

doi:10.1179/147683008x344228

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The low-protein and regular diets used for this study have been used previously by our group and others to induce severe low-protein malnutrition or a well-nourished control condition. 21,26,27 Reproductive units were formed with one male and two females. On postnatal (P) day 1, litters were standardized to 8 pups (4 males and 4 females), which were immediately weighed.…”

Section: Nutritional Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Fos immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus after glucose administration in pre- and post-weaning malnourished rats

Miñana-Solis

Ángeles-Castellanos²,

Buijs³

et al. 2010

Nutritional Neuroscience

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The present study explored the effects of malnutrition and nutritional rehabilitation on the response to glucose in hypothalamic nuclei involved in metabolic homeostasis. Male Wistar rats were malnourished during gestation-lactation (MGL) or at weaning to 55 days (MPW). Two groups of rats were rehabilitated with a balanced diet until 90 days (MGL-R and MPW-R, respectively). After a glucose tolerance test (GTT), brains were processed for Fos immunoreactivity (Fos-IR). Both malnourished groups displayed hyperglycemia after GTT. MGL exhibited an increased number of Fos-IR neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH), while MPW showed increased Fos-IR in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and VMH and a decrease in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), as compared with their controls. Nutritional rehabilitation normalized values of glucose after GTT in both groups, while low number of Fos-IR neurons remained in the ARC, PVN and VMH of MPW-R rats, indicating a deleterious, long-lasting effect after post-weaning malnutrition.

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Section: Nutritional Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Fos immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus after glucose administration in pre- and post-weaning malnourished rats

Miñana-Solis

Ángeles-Castellanos²,

Buijs³

et al. 2010

Nutritional Neuroscience

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“…37 Diminished glutamatergic activity as well as glutamate receptors density in brain cortex has been observed in chronic malnutrition with 8% protein diets. 38 All of these changes could potentially related to the differences found in behavioral and electrophysiological studies in animal models of malnutrition, particularly in studies related with physiology of sleep 4,8,15,17 circadian rhythms, 4,14,16,18 spontaneous behavior such as play, exploration, parental care 9,38 and cognition processes. 39,40 The temporal pattern in place-learning behavior tested in this study pertains to changes in an LD cycle of 24 hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…17 Animals were born and raised in a controlled environment that oscillated between 20 and 24°C, light photoperiod consisted of LD 12:12 (12 hours of light-12 hours of darkness, lights on 8:00, lights off 20:00) and during the dark phase of the cycle; a dim red light was used as the background (1-3 Lx) at the Instituto de Neurobiologia vivarium. Animals were organized in groups as described earlier.…”

Section: Animals and Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] There is evidence that protein malnutrition (induced by 6% casein diets) produce long-term effects in the neural substrate of hippocampal formation, 11,12 and other brain areas involved in the sleep-wake cycle regulation; 4 also, it may affect the circadian organization in rats reducing the somatic size of SCN cells 13 and alter circadian behaviors. [14][15][16][17][18] In humans and other mammals, attention processes exhibit changes during the day and it is quite possible that some of these processes are clock regulated. 19 A deficit in memory in water maze experiments was observed in continuous phase shifting protocols in rats 20 as well as other cognitive functions, 21,22 indicating that a deficit in circadian regulation may produce deficits in cognitive and social memory 23 attention processes and learning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time–place learning is altered by perinatal low-protein malnutrition in the adult rat

Durán¹,

Miranda‐Anaya

Romero-Sánchez³

et al. 2011

Nutritional Neuroscience

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Malnutrition produces changes in the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals during development, related to the intensity and timing of the malnutrition insult during the pre- or postnatal period. Protein malnutrition produces irreversible changes in hippocampal formation and some brain stem nuclei. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is dramatically altered by low-protein diets during the gestational and perinatal periods. Also, it is known that circadian oscillators regulate physiological, behavioral, and cognitive processes and there is evidence that the time-place learning process exhibits a daily temporal distribution. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chronic, prenatal, or postnatal malnutrition on daily patterns of the time-place learning process in the adult rat. Forty Sprague-Dawley male 90-day-old rats, were divided into four groups: 10 well nourished controls (Co), 10 chronically (CM), 10 prenatally malnourished (PrM), and 10 postnatally malnourished (PtM) rats. Efficiency in time-place learning was tested by using a behavioral T-maze. Each rat was assayed for 10 trials before considering the final probe of efficiency. Each trial was 60 seconds long, final efficiency was measured by the amount of time the rat took to reach the end of an arm containing a water pot. Each rat was tested in 2-hour spans until completion of a full 24-hour cycle. A Cosinor analysis was used to evaluate acrophase and percentage of rhythmicity. The obtained results suggest that time-place learning process is influenced by the circadian clock. The severity and timing of prenatal or chronic protein malnutrition modifies the acrophase and rhythmicity of the learning circadian pattern, which can impact important cognitive functions.

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“…This disruption in thermoregulatory response is in agreement with previous reports. However, the extent of the response and the trend in temperature patterns vary, with both warming [17,18] and cooling [36][37][38] responses reported. These discrepancies are likely due to differences in species, method used to measure temperature, age, severity of malnutrition, extent to which protein and/or energy were limiting, and stage of adaptation to the nutrient deficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein-Energy Malnutrition Alters Thermoregulatory Homeostasis and the Response to Brain Ischemia

Smith¹,

Prosser-Loose²,

Colbourne³

et al. 2011

CNR

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Co-existing protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), characterized by deficits in both protein and energy status, impairs functional outcome following global ischemia and has been associated with increased reactive gliosis. Since temperature is a key determinant of brain damage following an ischemic insult, the objective was to investigate whether alterations in post-ischemic temperature regulation contribute to PEM-induced reactive gliosis following ischemia. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (190-280 g) were assigned to either control diet (18% protein) or PEM induced by feeding a low protein diet (2% protein) for 7 days prior to either global ischemia or sham surgery. There was a rapid disruption in thermoregulatory function in rats fed the low protein diet as assessed by continuous recording of core temperature with bio-electrical sensor transmitters. Both daily temperature fluctuation and mean temperature increased within the first 24 hours, and these remained significantly elevated throughout the 7 day pre-ischemic period (p < 0.027). In the immediate post-surgical period, PEM decreased body temperature to a greater extent than that in well-nourished controls (p = 0.003). The increase in daily temperature fluctuation caused by PEM persisted throughout the 7 day post-surgical period (p < 0.001), and this interacted with the effects of global ischemia on days 8 (p = 0.018) and 11 (p = 0.021). The astrocytic and microglial responses induced at 7 days after global ischemia were not influenced by PEM, but this preliminary analysis needs to be confirmed with a more reliable global ischemia model. In conclusion, exposure to a low protein diet rapidly impairs the ability to maintain thermoregulatory homeostasis, and the resultant PEM also diminishes the ability to thermoregulate in response to a challenge. Since temperature regulation is a key determinant of brain injury following ischemia, these findings suggest that the pathophysiology of brain injury could be altered in stroke victims with coexisting PEM.

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Protein malnutrition and aging affects entraining and intensity of locomotor activity and body temperature circadian rhythms in rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Altered Fos immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus after glucose administration in pre- and post-weaning malnourished rats

Altered Fos immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus after glucose administration in pre- and post-weaning malnourished rats

Time–place learning is altered by perinatal low-protein malnutrition in the adult rat

Protein-Energy Malnutrition Alters Thermoregulatory Homeostasis and the Response to Brain Ischemia

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