Protein-repellent and antimicrobial nanoparticle coatings from hyaluronic acid and a lysine-derived biocompatible surfactant

Abstract

Biofilm formation triggered by uncontrolled protein adsorption, on medical devices is the leading cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) during implantation. Herein, we report a water-based, green and one-step strategy to functionalize surfaces of silicone catheters, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), with antifouling and antimicrobial substances to avoid uncontrolled protein adsorption and microbial attachment. A novel synergetic formulation consisting of an anionic glycosaminoglycan (hyaluronic acid, HA) and a lysine-derived biocompatible cationic surfactant (N e -myristoyl-lysine methyl ester, MKM) was prepared, resulting in the formation of nanoparticles (NPs, ca. 100-250 nm). Besides their high stability and longlasting hydrophilicity in ambient and aqueous environments for 60 days, the nanometric layers (48 AE 3 nm) of HA-MKM NPs on PDMS showed no adsorption of BSA and lysozyme and substantially lower adsorption of fibrinogen as revealed by a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). In vitro antimicrobial test with S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis, C. albicans microbes under dynamic conditions revealed that the microbial growth was hampered by 85% compared with unmodified PDMS. Given the multiple functionalities, charges and diverse physiochemical properties of polysaccharide-lysine-based surfactant mixtures, this approach can be easily extended to the development of novel coatings on other silicone-based materials, thereby broadening potential applicability of PDMS-based biomaterials/devices in microfluidics, diagnostic biosensors and others. ; Tel: +43 316 380 5413 † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Experimental details of DLS, QCM-D, XPS, profilometry, AFM, CLSM, potentiometric titration (for HA-MKM nanoparticles dispersion). See

Bioactive Functional Nanolayers of Chitosan–Lysine Surfactant with Single- and Mixed-Protein-Repellent and Antibiofilm Properties for Medical Implants

“…This shows that the adsorbed nanolayers substantially reduced the hydrophobicity of PDMS due to the introduction of polar and charged groups. 14 , 15 , 31 However, the obtained SCA(H 2 O) of the two functionalized samples are on the edge of hydrophobicity and appear more hydrophilic.…”

“…41 nm) with less incorporated water, followed by the formation of a more swollen or hydrated top layer as the adsorption continued. 14 , 31 , 35 , 36 On the contrary, for Chi-77KS/AMOX, a steady increase in dissipation and a steep slope are observed, suggesting the formation of more loosely adsorbed layers ( ca. 61 nm) on the PDMS surface with more incorporated water.…”

“… 13 Polyelectrolyte–surfactant complexes (PESCs) play a vital role in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. 14 , 15 It was already reported that the use of natural or modified PSs such as Chi, hyaluronic acid, and alginate enables flexible design of bioactive coatings with improved antibacterial and protein-repelling properties to protect surfaces from infections. 16 , 17 However, the studies combining the PSs and surfactants as a bioactive coating toward biofilm formation are scarce.…”

Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Compounds as a Versatile Tool for Construction of Nanoscale Drug Carriers

“…Investigations of amino acid derivatives belonging to the negatively charged amino acid class are exemplified herein by arginine-containing amphiphilic compounds documented as additives for modification of physicochemical properties of oil [ 39 ], potential antimicrobial compounds active against Micrococcus luteus , Bacillus subtilis , Staphylococcus aureus strains [ 40 ] and agents capable to bind with heparin [ 41 ], which activity could be regulated by selecting appropriate alkyl tail length for the amphiphile. Compositions based on amphiphilic lysine derivatives were documented as drug delivery vehicles containing encapsulated 5-fluorouracil [ 42 ] for cancer treatment as well as the component for design of coating against protein adsorption on nanoparticles [ 43 ]. In [ 44 ] promising stimuli-responsive double-tailed lysine-based surfactants were obtained.…”

State-of-the-art polymeric nanoparticles as promising therapeutic tools against human bacterial infections

“…Another interesting study carried out by Bracic et al . explored the immobilization of PNPs composed by hyaluronic acid and a lysine-derived biocompatible cationic surfactant in silicone catheters to evaluate their efficacy against five different colonizing bacteria of urinary tract medical devices [ 109 ]. In this case, obtained results revealed that that the microbial growth is hampered almost by 85% compared to unmodified silicone catheters.…”