Protein requirement and its intake in subjects with diabetic foot ulcers at a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Objective:To assess the protein intake and requirement among subject with type 2 diabetes having foot ulcers.Methods:This study was conducted at Baqai Institute of Diabetology & Endocrinology (BIDE), a tertiary care diabetes centre of Karachi, Pakistan among people with type 2 diabetic foot ulcer attending foot clinic from January 2012 to March 2015. The baseline characteristics, dietary intake and laboratory investigations of the study participants were obtained through electronic hospital database “Health Management System” (HMS) based on the 24 hours dietary recall interview. Total grams of protein were calculated from each food group consumed by the subject. Protein intake of the subjects was recorded in mean grams and the protein requirement was calculated according to their body weight. The comparison of intake and requirement of protein choices was done through comparing the mean of both variables. SPSS version 13 was used for analysing the results.Results:A total of 542 subjects were included in the study, 365 (67.2%) were males and 178 (32.8%) were females. Mena age of the subject was 54.61±10.51 (yrs) with the duration of diabetes and mean body mass index were 14.22±7.98 (yrs) and 26.65±5.38 (kg/m2), respectively. The dietary records showed the protein intake of subjects with diabetic foot ulcer is not appropriate when compared to daily requirement. Mean grams of protein intake is 76.87gms in males and 56.84gms in females. On the other-hand protein requirement is much higher than the intake, which is 219.5gms in males and 130.2gms in females.Conclusion:Dietary counselling should be a part of the treatment among subjects with diabetic foot ulcer to identify their nutritional needs and suggesting them better option to fulfil their protein requirement essential for wound healing process.

Nutritional Supplementation Concurrent with Nutrition Education Accelerates the Wound Healing Process in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers

“…They also had a significantly ( p < 0.05) lower intake of micronutrients such as vitamin E, B1, B2, B3, B6, magnesium, calcium, iron, potassium, and sodium, which are needed for wound healing. Similarly, Sajid et al [ 5 ] showed that protein intake in males and females with DFU was significantly lower than the recommendations (76.9 g and 56.8 g compared to 219.5 g and 130.2 g, respectively). Malnutrition or inadequate intake of essential nutrients involved in wound healing worsens wound severity and increases wound complications such as infection and amputation which may lead to death.…”

“…The rate of major amputations (above the ankle) was almost 11-fold higher in the malnourished group compared to those who were well-nourished (15.5% vs. 1.4%, respectively). Although the high prevalence of malnutrition and its negative effects on the healing of DFU is reported in several studies [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], to our knowledge there is no study looking at the effects of complete nutrition supplementation. Studies in this field have only examined the effects of supplementing diabetic patients with arginine, glutamine, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), magnesium, and vitamin E [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Gizi Untuk Proses Penyembuhan Luka Pada Pasien Dengan Diabetic Foot Ulcer (Dfu): Literature Review

“…Beberapa referensi menyatakan bahwa gizi merupakan salah satu faktor yang berperan penting dalam proses penyembuhan luka, karena zat gizi dapat berperan dalam fungsi kekebalan tubuh, sintesis kolagen, dan membangun kekuatan serta kelenturan luka. 11,13 Pada penelitian sebelumnya dinyatakan bahwa pada responden dengan DFU, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan, terdapat ketidakadekuatan asupan protein yang dapat mengganggu proses penyembuhan luka. 13 Konsumsi asupan gizi yang sesuai dapat menunjang penyembuhan DFU.…”

A Review on Determining Factors for Wound Healing in Diabetic Foot Ulcers

“…The provision of nutritional care is proven to accelerate wound healing. Malnutrition or nutrient deficiencies can impair the maturation phase such as collagen synthesis prolong inflammation, dysfunction of B and T cells due to decrease in phagocytosis, as well as reduce in mechanical strength of the skin (Sajid, Miyan, Zaidi, Jaffri, & Abdeali, 2018;Vas, Edmonds, & Papanas, 2017 GLOBAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MEDICINE 2021, VOL 3, ISSUE 1 gggggglo…”

“…Selection of shoes depends on numerous factors; how long someone has had diabetes, the presence of normal sensation on the feet, and if there are any abnormalities or deformities on the feet (O'Brien et al, 2003). Nutrition plays an essential role in the prevention and treatment of DFU, where an inadequate nutrient can result in altered immune function, malnutrition, and poor glycaemic control (Sajid et al, 2018).…”