Protein synthesis in salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster: Relation to chromosome puffs

Tissières, A.; Mitchell, Herschel K.; Tracy, Ursula M.

doi:10.1016/0022-2836(74)90447-1

Cited by 1,095 publications

(466 citation statements)

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“…Since 1962, when Ritosa identified the HS response in Drosophila, 4 continuing research on the HS response has examined how organisms respond to heat. 5 The cell membrane plays an extremely important role in identification and conversion of signals in signal transduction. Our work aims to understand how plants sense heat and transmit HS signals from the external environment to the interior, with a particular interest in membrane proteins.…”

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The role of AtPLC3 and AtPLC9 in thermotolerance in Arabidopsis

Ren

Kang

Liu

et al. 2017

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Plants respond and adapt to temperature changes by many ways. In this article, we provide a supplement to previous work about AtPLC3. The subcellular localization showed that AtPLC3 was located in the plasma membrane and nucleus which differed from AtPLC9 localization. Furthermore, we measured the contents of IP 3 before and after HS in AtPLC3 mutant, complemented and overexpressing lines. The results showed that the increase in IP 3 after HS was partially dependent on AtPLC3 activity. To sum up, the similar expression patterns and phenotypes suggested that AtPLC3 and AtPLC9 may regulate the thermotolerance of Arabidopsis by the same mechanisms. KEYWORDSArabidopsis; AtPLC3; AtPLC9; Ca 2+ ; heat shock; IP 3 ; thermotolerance As sessile organisms, plants experience many kinds of abiotic stresses, including high temperature. Plants respond and adapt to temperature changes by thermotolerance pathways that cause accumulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs), increase membrane fluidity, and activate Ca 2+ channels. 1 The recent acceleration of global climate change has depressed agricultural production, 2,3 with high temperature strongly affecting crop yields. To mitigate these changes, research on heat shock (HS) aims to understand organisms' response to high temperature. Since 1962, when Ritosa identified the HS response in Drosophila, 4 continuing research on the HS response has examined how organisms respond to heat. 5 The cell membrane plays an extremely important role in identification and conversion of signals in signal transduction. Our work aims to understand how plants sense heat and transmit HS signals from the external environment to the interior, with a particular interest in membrane proteins. Until now, our work and studies by Saidi et al. showed that cyclic nucleotidegated ion channel (CNGC) and phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLCs) proteins play important roles in thermotolerance in moss and Arabidopsis. [6][7][8] In animals, PtdIns-PLCs mainly localize in the cell membrane. Our previous work also showed that the Ca 2+ /calmodulin (CaM) signal transduction pathway has a significant role in the HS response in Arabidopsis. We first used genetic studies to prove that PI-PLC participates in the HS response in Arabidopsis. 9-13 Our results showed that plc9 mutant plants displayed a serious thermosensitive phenotype compared with wild-type (Col-0) plants after HS. AtPLC3 also has an import role in the HS signal transduction pathway. Our previous work suggested that AtPLC9 may be activated rapidly in seedlings grown at high temperature and then AtPLC3 may be activated during continuous HS treatment. 7,8 The classic second messenger inositol triphosphate (IP 3 ) is produced through hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate (PIP 2 ) by membrane-bound PtdIns-PLCs. IP 3 has an important role in releasing intracellular calcium stores in animal cells; 14-18 high temperature causes a rapid increase in IP 3 which induces the increase in intracellular Ca 2+ after HS. 7,10 Herein, we prov...

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confidence: 99%

The role of AtPLC3 and AtPLC9 in thermotolerance in Arabidopsis

Ren

Kang

Liu

et al. 2017

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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“…samples were prepared for electrophoresis on a gradient SDS gel (Tissieres et al, 1974). The incorporation of label into HA-1 cell proteins was initially drastically inhibited by the 45°C heat treatment (Fig.…”

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“…,uCi/ml 35S-methionine and labelled for 1 h. Cells were pelleted, rinsed in ethanol. dissolved in sample buffer and run on 7-20% acrylamide gels as described previously (Tissieres et al, 1974 here and the kinetics of recovery of protein synthesis in Drosophila are intriguing (Mitchell et al, 1979;Peterson & Mitchell, 1981 (Henle & Leeper, 1979). However, since one does not know the function of hsp, it is also possible that the effects of heat shock on RNA and protein synthesis may be simply reflecting the "state" of the cell after heating.…”

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Induced thermal tolerance and heat shock protein synthesis in Chinese hamster ovary cells

Petersen

Mitchell

1982

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics

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“…The molecular basis of heat shock (HS) response was revealed for the first time when Ritossa (1962) reported that temperature elevation brings about altered puffing pattern of polytene chromosomes in Drosophila. Tissieres et al (1974) for the first time showed that the HS condition results in altered protein profile in the Drosophila cells. Further studies established that nearly all organisms, ranging from bacteria to man, respond to HS by synthesizing a new set of proteins called heat shock proteins (Hsp).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic engineering for heat tolerance in plants

Singh

Grover

2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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High temperature tolerance has been genetically engineered in plants mainly by over-expressing the heat shock protein genes or indirectly by altering levels of heat shock transcription factor proteins. Apart from heat shock proteins, thermotolerance has also been altered by elevating levels of osmolytes, increasing levels of cell detoxification enzymes and through altering membrane fluidity. It is suggested that Hsps may be directly implicated in thermotolerance as agents that minimize damage to cell proteins. The other three above approaches leading to thermotolerance in transgenic experiments though operate in their own specific ways but indirectly might be aiding in creation of more reductive and energy-rich cellular environment, thereby minimizing the accumulation of damaged proteins. Intervention in protein metabolism such that accumulation of damaged proteins is minimized thus appears to be the main target for genetically-engineering crops against high temperature stress. High temperature-induced gene expression system is one of the best-studied model systems for analyzing induced gene expression. The molecular basis of heat shock (HS) response was revealed for the first time when Ritossa (1962) reported that temperature elevation brings about altered puffing pattern of polytene chromosomes in Drosophila. Tissieres et al. (1974) for the first time showed that the HS condition results in altered protein profile in the Drosophila cells. Further studies established that nearly all organisms, ranging from bacteria to man, respond to HS by synthesizing a new set of proteins called heat shock proteins (Hsp). The HS system has been investigated in great depth using diverse biological systems including microbes (e.g. Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae), animals (e.g. Drosophila melanogaster, Homo sapiens) and plants (e.g. Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Solanum lycopersicon) species. In recent years, detailed understanding has been gained on various components of the heat shock response (HSR) in living organisms including features like heat shock genes/proteins, heat shock promoters and heat shock elements (HSEs), heat shock factors (HSFs), possible receptors of the heat shock response, signaling components and chromatin remodeling aspects (Grover, 2002, Wahid et al., 2007.Plant scientists have a concern in altering the HS response as high ambient temperature is one of the major constraints in obtaining maximum output from the crop plants. Most crops are affected by daily fluctuations in high day and/or night temperatures. While some stages of plant growth may be more sensitive to high temperature than others, there is an overall reduction in plant performance when temperature is higher than the optimal temperature at specific growth stages. Conventional breeding for high temperature stress tolerance has not been much successful due to several reasons like lack of suitable source of genes in sexuallycompatible gene pools, complex nature of the HS trait, lack of understanding on the genetic mech...

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Protein synthesis in salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster: Relation to chromosome puffs

Cited by 1,095 publications

References 18 publications

The role of AtPLC3 and AtPLC9 in thermotolerance in Arabidopsis

The role of AtPLC3 and AtPLC9 in thermotolerance in Arabidopsis

Induced thermal tolerance and heat shock protein synthesis in Chinese hamster ovary cells

Genetic engineering for heat tolerance in plants

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