Protein tyrosine nitration in higher plants grown under natural and stress conditions

Abstract

Protein tyrosine nitration is a post-translational modification (PTM) mediated by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that is linked to nitro-oxidative damages in plant cells. During the last decade, the identification of proteins undergoing this PTM under adverse environmental conditions has increased. However, there is also a basal endogenous nitration which seems to have a regulatory function. The technological advances in proteome analysis have allowed identifying these modified proteins and have shown that the number and identity of the nitrated proteins change among plant species, analysed organs and growing/culture conditions. In this work, the current knowledge of protein tyrosine nitration in higher plants under different situations is reviewed.

Asada-Halliwell pathway maintains redox status in Dioscorea alata tuber which helps in germination

“…The key elements in the metabolism of ROS and RNS, including H 2 O 2 , NO, and SNOs, are significantly increased under the oxidative conditions supporting ROS and RNS cross talk [69,70]. These results present a clear picture of the RNS regulation in the tuber growth.…”

Role of Nitric Oxide in Salt Stress-induced Programmed Cell Death and Defense Mechanisms

“…NO-mediated J-nitrosylation and nitration of proteins may be involved in acclimation to salinity stress, but the enhancement of peroxynitrite-dependent Tyr nitration may shift the cells to the initiation of PCD (Corpas et al 2013).…”

“…Tyrosine nitration can change the function of proteins, and it may promote or inhibit the activity of enzymes. Tyrosine nitration may also interfere with signal transduction because the nitration of specific tyrosines prevents the phosphorylation of the regulatory proteins (Corpas et al 2013).…”

Regulatory roles of serotonin and melatonin in abiotic stress tolerance in plants

“…Various reactive nitrogen species (RNS), such as peroxynitrite (ONOO ¡ ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), dinitrogen trioxide (N 2 O 3 ) and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), regulate post-translational modifications (S-nitosylation) of proteins, and preferably cause modifications of several biomolecules. 66,67 Salinity-induced nitrosative stress in olive leaves revealed an increment in Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS)-dependent NO liberation followed by accumulation of RNS in vascular bundles. 68 Based on investigations in animal systems, it is evident that melatonin acts as a mediator of ROS and RNS crosstalk under nitrosative stress.…”