Protein utilization and amino acid digestibility of canola meal in response to phytase in broiler chickens

Abstract

The regression method was used in a 14-d broiler chicken study to determine the true ileal digestibility of amino acid (AA) and protein utilization in canola meal (CM, 388 g of CP/kg) without or with added phytase. Experimental treatments consisted of 2 factors, phytase at 2 levels (0 or 1,500 phytase units/ kg) and CM at 3 levels (125, 250, or 375 g/kg). Birds received a standard starter diet from d 1 to 8 and the assay diets from d 8 to 22 posthatch. On d 8, a total of 384 birds were allocated to 6 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design; excreta were collected from d 12 to 14 and d 19 to 21, and ileal digesta were collected on d 22 posthatch. True ileal indispensable AA digestibility of CM were derived from the regression of AA flow (mg/kg of DM intake) at the terminal ileum against the intake of AA (mg/kg of dietary DM) of birds fed diets without or with phytase.Body weight gain (BWG), protein gain, and protein intake increased linearly (P < 0.001) with increasing CM level, regardless of phytase supplementation. Effects of phytase (P < 0.05) were observed on BWG and the protein efficiency ratio from d 8 to 15, whereas effects of phytase (P < 0.05) were observed on BWG and protein gain from d 15 to 22. There was no effect of phytase on protein intake and net protein utilization from d 8 to 22. Phytase supplementation at 1,500 phytase units/kg did not affect true ileal digestibility of any AA in CM. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that phytase supplementation improved the protein efficiency ratio of birds fed diets containing CM as the sole protein source from d 8 to 15 posthatch but did not affect the true ileal digestibility of AA in CM as determined by the regression method.

Digestibility marker and ileal amino acid digestibility in phytase-supplemented soybean or canola meals for growing pigs

“…In poultry, phytase supplementation improved AA digestibility Centeno et al, 2007;Cowieson and Bedford, 2009). Phytase supplementation did not improve AA digestibility in other studies for poultry (Snow et al, 2003;Centeno et al, 2007;Kong and Adeola, 2011). Rutherfurd et al (2002) and Pomar et al (2008) observed responses in digestibility of a few AA to phytase supplementation.…”

The evaluation of energy in fish feed

“…In the current study, the maximal protein efficiency was about 53%. This values is comparable to reported and derived values from other Nile tilapia studies (Figueiredo-Silva et al, 2013;Schrama et al, 2012;Tran-Duy et al, 2008;Van Trung et al, 2011) and for carnivores fish (Booth et al, 2010;Grisdale-Helland et al, 2013;Hatlen et al, 2007;Lupatsch et al, 2001;Peres and Oliva-Teles, 1999) and values for pigs (Conde-Aguilera et al, 2011;Kyriazakis and Emmans, 1992) and poultry (Kong and Adeola, 2011). In mammals as well as in fish it is often hypothesised that animals under satiation feeding eat until they reach their maximum protein deposition capacity.…”

“…Some studies in Nile tilapia showed a protein retention efficiency above 51% (Figueiredo-Silva et al, 2013;Van Trung et al, 2011). The maximal value of protein retention efficiency in the current study is lower than values reported in carnivorous fish from 48 to70% (Booth et al, 2010;Brett Glencross et al, 2008;Grisdale-Helland et al, 2013;Hatlen et al, 2007;Lupatsch et al, 2001), or lower than found in pigs (about 52%) (Conde-Aguilera et al, 2011;van Milgen et al, 2001) and in poultry (about 63%) (Kong and Adeola, 2011). Differences between species might be related to e.g.…”

Determination of nutrient and energy values of cottonseed meal supplemented or not with phytase and protease for broiler chicks

“…Studies involving protease alone; enzyme complexes containing phytase, xylanase, amylase, and proteases (Barbosa et al, 2014); or even enzyme complexes containing proteases and phytases (Murugesan et al, 2014) showed improvements in the ileal digestibility of DM, CP, and minerals. However, Kong and Adeola (2011) found no additional effect of enzymes on the ileal digestibility of nutrients in broilers.…”

“…No significant differences were observed in the ileal digestibility coefficients during the pre-starter, starter, and finisher phases (Table 4). In this regard, it can be observed that the effect of enzymes, especially phytase, on the ileal digestibility and utilization of protein has been inconsistent, with highly conflicting information (Kong and Adeola, 2011). However, there are positive reports about the use of phytases on the digestibility of protein, amino acids, and phosphorus in broiler diets, such as those found by Cowieson et al (2017), He et al (2017), and Zouaoui et al (2018).…”