Proteins affecting thylakoid morphology – the key to understanding vesicle transport in chloroplasts?

Lindquist, Emelie; Aronsson, Henrik

doi:10.4161/15592324.2014.977205

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…COPII-related proteins may mediate vesicle trafficking in chloroplasts (Lindquist et al, 2016). For instance, the chloroplast protein CPSAR1, which shows similarity to the AtSAR1 protein in cytoplasm, and CPRabA5e may participate in thylakoid biogenesis and vesicle trafficking in Arabidopsis (Garcia et al, 2010;Khan et al, 2013;Lindquist and Aronsson, 2014). But whether other COPII proteins are involved in vesicle traffic in chloroplasts is still unknown (Lindquist et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretory COPII Protein SEC31B Is Required for Pollen Wall Development

et al. 2016

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The pollen wall protects pollen grains from abiotic and biotic stresses. During pollen wall development, tapetal cells play a vital role by secreting proteins, signals, and pollen wall material to ensure microspore development. But the regulatory mechanism underlying the secretory pathway of the tapetum is largely unknown. Here, we characterize the essential role of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) COPII protein SECRETORY31B (SEC31B) in pollen wall development and the secretory activity of tapetal cells. The sporophyte-controlled atsec31b mutant exhibits severe pollen and seed abortion. Transmission electron microscopy observation indicates that pollen exine formation in the atsec31b mutant is disrupted significantly. AtSEC31B is a functional COPII protein revealed by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit site localization, interaction with AtSEC13A, and retarded ER-Golgi protein trafficking in the atsec31b mutant. A genetic tapetum-specific rescue assay indicates that AtSEC31B functions primarily in the tapetum. Moreover, deletion of AtSEC31B interrupted the formation of the ER-derived tapetosome and altered the location of the ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER9 protein in the tapetum. Therefore, this work demonstrates that AtSEC31B plays a vital role in pollen wall development by regulating the secretory pathway of the tapetal cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretory COPII Protein SEC31B Is Required for Pollen Wall Development

et al. 2016

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“…Accordingly, while light harvesting complex proteins have traditionally been considered as SRP/Alb3 travelers it is now challenged by vesicle transport. Interestingly, light harvesting complex proteins in the single cell green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have been suggested to use vesicle transport, as the proliferation of vesicles coincides with transport of these proteins (Eggink et al 2001 ; Hoober 1972 ; Hoober et al 1991 ; Lindquist and Aronsson 2014 ; Tanz et al 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast vesicle transport

Lindquist

Aronsson

2018

Photosynth Res

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Photosynthesis is a well-known process that has been intensively investigated, but less is known about the biogenesis of the thylakoid membrane that harbors the photosynthetic machinery. Thylakoid membranes are constituted by several components, the major ones being proteins and lipids. However, neither of these two are produced in the thylakoid membranes themselves but are targeted there by different mechanisms. The interior of the chloroplast, the stroma, is an aqueous compartment that prevents spontaneous transport of single lipids and/or membrane proteins due to their hydrophobicities. Thylakoid targeted proteins are encoded either in the nucleus or plastid, and thus some cross the envelope membrane before entering one of the identified thylakoid targeting pathways. However, the pathway for all thylakoid proteins is not known. Lipids are produced at the envelope membrane and have been proposed to reach the thylakoid membrane by different means: invaginations of the envelope membrane, direct contact sites between these membranes, or through vesicles. Vesicles have been observed in chloroplasts but not much is yet known about the mechanism or regulation of their formation. The question of whether proteins can also make use of vesicles as one mechanism of transport remains to be answered. Here we discuss the presence of vesicles in chloroplasts and their potential role in transporting lipids and proteins. We additionally discuss what is known about the proteins involved in the vesicle transport and the gaps in knowledge that remain to be filled.

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“…For the four genes identified to be involved in strong light responses, RcuChr01m0050, RcuChr03m2352, RcuChr05m2118, and RcuChr07m3025 separately encode a homolog of a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR)-like protein [52] , a light-sensing related methyltransferase protein (encoded by AT5G10620 in A. thaliana ) [53] , light-harvesting chlorophyll A/B binding protein 1.3 (LHCB1.3) [54] , and methylene blue sensitivity 1 (MBS1) [55] . The function of MBS1 has been well studied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of Wild Castor Provides New Insights into its Adaptive Evolution in Tropical Desert

Pan

Fan

et al. 2021

Genomics, Proteomics &Amp; Bioinformatics

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Wild castor grows in the high-altitude tropical desert of the African Plateau, a region known for high ultraviolet radiation, strong light, and extremely dry condition. To investigate the potential genetic basis of adaptation to both highland and tropical deserts, we generated a chromosome-level genome sequence assembly of the wild castor accession WT05, with a genome size of 316 Mb, a scaffold N50 of 31.93 Mb, and a contig N50 of 8.96 Mb, respectively. Compared with cultivated castor and other Euphorbiaceae species, the wild castor exhibits positive selection and gene family expansion for genes involved in DNA repair, photosynthesis, and abiotic stress responses. Genetic variations associated with positive selection were identified in several key genes, such as LIG1, DDB2, and RECG1, involved in nucleotide excision repair. Moreover, a study of genomic diversity among wild and cultivated accessions revealed genomic regions containing selection signatures associated with the adaptation to extreme environments. The identification of the genes and alleles with selection signatures provides insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying the adaptation of wild castor to the high-altitude tropical desert and would facilitate direct improvement of modern castor varieties.

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Proteins affecting thylakoid morphology – the key to understanding vesicle transport in chloroplasts?

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Secretory COPII Protein SEC31B Is Required for Pollen Wall Development

Secretory COPII Protein SEC31B Is Required for Pollen Wall Development

Chloroplast vesicle transport

A Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of Wild Castor Provides New Insights into its Adaptive Evolution in Tropical Desert

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