Proteins linked to spatial memory formation of CD1 mice in the multiple T‐maze

Abstract

In own previous work CD1 mice were tested in the Multiple T-maze (MTM), a robust land maze allowing determination of latency to reach the goal box with food reward and to evaluate correct decisions made on the way to the goal box. Herein, hippocampi of these animals were used for the current study with the aim to investigate differences in protein levels between trained and yoked mice and, moreover, to determine differences in protein levels between trained and yoked mice with and without memory formation in the MTM. Three training sessions were carried out for four training days each, followed by probe trials on Days 5 and 12. Good and no-performers in the MTM were separated based on means and median of latency to reach the goal box on probe trial Day 12. Six hours following the probe trial on Day 12, animals were sacrificed and hippocampi were taken. Proteins were extracted and run on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, spots were quantified and differentially expressed proteins were identified by mass spectrometry using an ion trap. Levels of 17 proteins were significantly different in trained vs. yoked mice. Seven proteins were differentially expressed comparing trained vs. yoked mice from good and no-performers. A series of proteins were significantly correlated with latency and may link these proteins to spatial memory formation. Differential protein expression in trained vs. yoked mice and in good and no-performers may allow insight into spatial memory formation as well as represent tentative pharmacological targets.

Whole Body Vibration Improves Attention and Motor Performance in Mice Depending on the Duration of the Whole-Body Vibration Session

“…The CD1 mouse has been used in a variety of learning tasks including novel object recognition (see Patil et al, 2012, and references therein), and has no innate deficiency for this task. Both for SOR and NOR the animals were able to recognize the new object (NOR) or the relocated object (SOR), with performance significantly above baseline level (as obtained during during the training phase).…”

Functional knockout of forebrain protein 14-3-3 disrupts conditioned taste aversion learning

“…In Various protein 14-3-3 isoforms have also been implicated in some specific learning and memory paradigms, although their role has not been thoroughly elucidated in any one system. Hippocampal 14-3-3 γ and ε protein levels have been reported to increase after spatial learning in rats (Nelson et al 2004;Patil et al 2012), while 14-3-3ζ deficient mice had attenuated spatial learning ability (Cheah et al 2012). Conversely, 14-3-3ζ in the nucleus accumbens is downregulated in mice after cocaine-induced conditioned place preference, while overexpression of accumbens 14-3-3ζ diminished expression of the place preference These reported effects of 14-3-3 knockdown are All rights reserved.…”

Role of Aging and Hippocampus in Time-Place Learning: Link to Episodic-Like Memory?

“…CD1 mice differ in the degree of hippocampal contribution to learning and memory performance as compared to C57Bl6 mice. The CD1 (albino) mouse is one of the most commonly used outbred stock, also in spatial learning tasks (see Patil et al, 2012 , and references therein). The mice of this strain age relatively fast compared to C57Bl/6 mice (Chia et al, 2005 ; Johnson, 2014 ).…”