Proteome dataset of subcutaneous adipose tissue obtained from late pregnant dairy cows during summer heat stress and winter seasons

Abstract

Adipose tissue has a central role in the regulation of metabolism in dairy cows, and many proteins expressed in this tissue are involved in metabolic responses to stress (Peinado et al., 2012) [1]. Environmental heat stress is one of the main stressors limiting production in dairy cattle (Fuquay, 1981; West, 2003) [2], [3], and there is a complex interaction between heat stress and the transition period from late pregnancy to onset of lactation, which is manifested in heat-stressed late-gestation cows (Tao and Dahl, 2013) [4]. We recently defined the proteome of adipose tissue in peripartum dairy cows, identifying 586 proteins of which 18.9% were differentially abundant in insulin-resistant compared to insulin-sensitive adipose tissue (Zachut, 2015) [5]. That study showed that proteomic techniques constitute a valuable tool for identifying novel biomarkers in adipose tissue that are related to metabolic adaptation to stress in dairy cows. The objective of the present work was to examine the adipose tissue proteome under thermo-neutral or seasonal heat stress conditions in late pregnant dairy cows. We have collected subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies from 10 late pregnant dairy cows during summer heat stress and from 8 late pregnant dairy cows during winter season, and identified and quantified 1495 proteins in the adipose tissues. This dataset of adipose tissue proteome from dairy cows adds novel information on the variety of proteins that are abundant in this tissue during late pregnancy under thermo-neutral as well as heat stress conditions. Differential abundance of 107 (7.1%) proteins was found between summer and winter adipose. These results are discussed in our recent research article (Zachut et al., 2017) [6].

Milk proteome from in silico data aggregation allows the identification of putative biomarkers of negative energy balance in dairy cows

“…This suggests that their abundance strongly increases during early lactation, which may simplify their detection and quantification to qualify these biomarkers relative to the energy status of cows in further studies. Moreover, the reliability of the 59 putative biomarkers of NEB that we propose is strengthened because most of them were previously identified as affected by lactation stage 23 and heat stress 24,25 during early lactation. Indeed, out of the 59 proteins detected in early lactation milk, 43 were previously identified in the adipose tissue 25 , liver 24 or mammary gland 23 of lactating cows experiencing different EB (Fig.…”

“…We propose LRRC59, a protein originating from the cytosol, membrane and/or endoplasmic reticulum, as a putative biomarker of NEB. This protein was identified in the AT and liver proteomes 24,25 , but not in mammary gland. The LRRC59 is required for the nuclear import of the FGF1 27 , a growth factor that participates in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation of the mammary gland cells.…”

“…Therefore, we selected 6 proteins we believe are pertinent because of their biological functions relative to the homeorhetic adaptation of early lactation cows. These proteins, which are the mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 ( PCK2 ), ACAT1 , IVD , SDHA , UQCRC1 and LRRC59 , are potential indicators of NEB because of their roles in metabolic adaptations to early lactation.

Figure 3Venn diagram of the 43 gene names from early milk proteins that were previously identified in the liver 24 , adipose tissue 25 and mammary gland 23 of dairy cows.

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“…Venn diagram of the 43 gene names from early milk proteins that were previously identified in the liver 24 , adipose tissue 25 and mammary gland 23 of dairy cows.…”

Unraveling the Adipose Tissue Proteome of Transition Cows through Severe Negative Energy Balance

“…Previous studies of adipose tissue of cows among parturition showed a differential abundance of proteins related to the insulin resistance phenomenon [10] and provided novel biomarkers for this condition. Using proteomic studies, Zachut et al also identified novel biomarkers of heat stress in adipose tissue in late-pregnant cows [11]. However, proteomic studies on adipose tissue of dairy cows in relation to the net energy balance have not yet been performed.…”