Proteome insights of citric acid-mediated cadmium toxicity tolerance in Brassica napus L.

Mechanistic insights of salicylic acid-mediated salt stress tolerance in Zea mays L. seedlings

“…These collective results underscore the crucial role of SA in enhancing the antioxidant defense system, thereby contributing to the plant's tolerance to salt-induced oxidative stress. The salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway, as elucidated by Almeida et al [ 51 ], stands as a pivotal component in the plant's response to salt stress and its tolerance mechanism. In this pathway, the plasma membrane located Na+/H+ antiporter SOS1 is responsible for regulating the extrusion of Na + from the cytoplasm and facilitating the long-distance transportation of Na + from roots to shoots [ 52 , 53 ].…”

“…In this pathway, the plasma membrane located Na+/H+ antiporter SOS1 is responsible for regulating the extrusion of Na + from the cytoplasm and facilitating the long-distance transportation of Na + from roots to shoots [ 52 , 53 ]. This process is initiated through the phosphorylation of the plasma membrane Na + /H + antiporter SOS1 by the serine/threonine protein kinase SOS2, triggering a responsive reaction [ 51 ]. The interaction of the SOS2–SOS3 kinase complex induces the calcium sensor protein SOS3, leading to the expulsion of Na + from cells and subsequently enhancing the synthesis of SOS1 and thereby regulating cellular ion homeostatic balance [ 54 ].…”