Proteome Profile and Genome Refinement of the Tomato‐Pathogenic Bacterium <i>Clavibacter michiganensis</i> subsp. <i>michiganensis</i>

Peritore-Galve, F Christopher; Schneider, David J.; Yang, Yong; Thannhauser, Theodore W.; Smart, Christine D.; Stodghill, Paul

doi:10.1002/pmic.201800224

Proteomics

2019

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800224

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Proteome Profile and Genome Refinement of the Tomato‐Pathogenic Bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis

F Christopher Peritore-Galve

David J. Schneider

Yong Yang

et al.

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Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…utilized proteogenomic approach to discover a number of peptides derived from novel protein‐coding regions in the genome and extended 59 annotated open reading frames (ORFs) of the current genome annotation with confirmation of protein expression for ≈70% of predicted gene models of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis . To obtain the results, it is crucial to achieve in‐depth proteomic analysis.…”

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Refining a Pathogen's Genome to Know the Enemy Better for the Winning Battles

2019

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Clavibacter michiganensis, subsp. michiganens is a gram positive bacterial pathogen infecting tomato, resulting in the great losses of yield and quality worldwide. Despite its great impact on economics, we do not fully understand the virulence factors from its genome probably due to imperfect genome annotation. Peritore‐Galve et al. utilized proteogenomic approach to identify 26 novel protein‐coding regions, to extend 59 annotated open reading frames and to confirm protein expression for ≈70% of predicted gene models of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. New findings by the proteogenomics technique were further confirmed using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. To win battles with pathogens, it is advantageous to know about our enemies accurately which can be achieved by mass spectrometry‐based identifications of novel protein‐coding regions in genomes.

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“…michiganensis. [9] To obtain the results, it is crucial to achieve in-depth proteomic analysis. Peritore-Galve et al used the two-dimensional peptide fraction method by combining high pH prefractionation and low pH peptide separation.…”

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Refining a Pathogen's Genome to Know the Enemy Better for the Winning Battles

2019

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Bacterial Canker of Tomato: Revisiting a Global and Economically Damaging Seedborne Pathogen

2021

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The Gram-positive actinobacterium Clavibacter michiganensis is the causal agent of bacterial canker of tomato, an economically impactful disease with a worldwide distribution. This seedborne pathogen systemically colonizes tomato xylem leading to unilateral leaflet wilt, marginal leaf necrosis, stem and petiole cankers, and plant death. Additionally, splash dispersal of the bacterium onto fruit exteriors causes bird’s-eye lesions, which are characterized as necrotic centers surrounded by white halos. The pathogen can colonize developing seeds systemically through xylem and through penetration of fruit tissues from the exterior. There are currently no commercially available resistant cultivars, and bactericidal sprays have limited efficacy for managing the disease once the pathogen is in the vascular system. In this review we summarize research on epidemiology, host colonization, the bacterial genetics underlying virulence, and management of bacterial canker. Finally, we highlight important areas of research into this pathosystem that have the potential to generate new strategies for prevention and mitigation of bacterial canker.

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Characterizing Colonization Patterns ofClavibacter michiganensisDuring Infection of Tolerant WildSolanumSpecies

2020

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Clavibacter michiganensis is the Gram-positive causal agent of bacterial canker of tomato, an economically devastating disease with a worldwide distribution. C. michiganensis colonizes the xylem, leading to unilateral wilt, stem canker, and plant death. C. michiganensis can also infect developing tomato fruit through splash dispersal, forming exterior bird’s eye lesions. There are no documented sources of qualitative resistance in Solanum spp.; however, quantitative trait loci conferring tolerance in Solanum arcanum and Solanum habrochaites have been identified. Mechanisms of tolerance and C. michiganensis colonization patterns in wild tomato species remain poorly understood. This study describes differences in symptom development and colonization patterns of the wild type (WT) and a hypervirulent bacterial expansin knockout (ΔCmEXLX2) in wild and cultivated tomato genotypes. Overall, WT and ΔCmEXLX2 cause less severe symptoms in wild tomato species and are impeded in spread and colonization of the vascular system. Laser scanning confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe preferential colonization of protoxylem vessels and reduced intravascular spread in wild tomatoes. Differences in C. michiganensis in vitro growth and aggregation were determined in xylem sap, which may suggest that responses to pathogen colonization are occurring, leading to reduced colonization density in wild tomato species. Finally, wild tomato fruit was determined to be susceptible to C. michiganensis through in vivo inoculations and assessing lesion numbers and size. Fruit symptom severity was in some cases unrelated to severity of symptoms during vascular infection, suggesting different mechanisms for colonization of different tissues.

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Proteome Profile and Genome Refinement of the Tomato‐Pathogenic Bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Refining a Pathogen's Genome to Know the Enemy Better for the Winning Battles

Refining a Pathogen's Genome to Know the Enemy Better for the Winning Battles

Bacterial Canker of Tomato: Revisiting a Global and Economically Damaging Seedborne Pathogen

Characterizing Colonization Patterns ofClavibacter michiganensisDuring Infection of Tolerant WildSolanumSpecies

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