Proteome-wide analysis of differentially-expressed SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in early COVID-19 infection

Zhang, Xiaomei; Wu, Xian; Wang, Dan; Lu, Minya; Hou, Xin; Wang, Hongye; Liang, Te; Dai, Jiayu; Duan, Haibao; Xu, Yingchun; Li, Yongzhe; Yu, Xiaobo

doi:10.1101/2020.04.14.20064535

Cited by 24 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Instead, the RBD and extracellular domain (ECD) from SARS-CoV-2 S protein could be a better option for IgM antibody detection, whereas the ECD is more suitable for IgG detection. 85 The results can be also supported by a meta-analysis of 7848 individuals, in which the S antigen displayed superior sensitivity (81.4% IgG, 81.7% IgM) compared to the N antigen (74.7% IgG, 72.2% IgM) using ELISA. 54,77 We speculate that the reason why more antibodies are developed to the S protein is because the S protein is on the SAR-CoV-2 surface and is more easily recognized by the immune system.…”

Section: Prospectivementioning

confidence: 67%

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COVID‐19 diagnostic testing: Technology perspective

Wang

et al. 2020

Clinical & Translational Med

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The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a highly contagious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). More than 18 million people were infected with a total of 0.7 million deaths in ∼188 countries. Controlling the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 is therefore inherently dependent on identifying and isolating infected individuals, especially since COVID‐19 can result in little to no symptoms. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the different primary technologies used to test for COVID‐19 infection, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each technology, and highlight the studies that have employed them. We also describe technologies that have the potential to accelerate SARS‐CoV‐2 detection in the future, including digital PCR, CRISPR, and microarray. Finally, remaining challenges in COVID‐19 diagnostic testing are discussed, including (a) the lack of universal standards for diagnostic testing; (b) the identification of appropriate sample collection site(s); (c) the difficulty in performing large population screening; and (d) the limited understanding of SARS‐COV‐2 viral invasion, replication, and transmission.

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Section: Prospectivementioning

confidence: 67%

“…54,77 We speculate that the reason why more antibodies are developed to the S protein is because the S protein is on the SAR-CoV-2 surface and is more easily recognized by the immune system. 80,85 2) Standardization of sample collection. The specimen and collection time from infected patient may have great influence on the detection result.…”

Section: Prospectivementioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‐19 diagnostic testing: Technology perspective

Wang

et al. 2020

Clinical & Translational Med

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“…Indeed, the titer of IgG antibodies against the S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 virus correlates with age and severity of the disease in hospitalized patients: older patients are more likely to have higher antibody titers and more serious illness [33]. In addition, the levels of antibodies correlated significantly with the level of lactate dehydrogenase, the marker of inflammation [34] and acute myocardial injury [35].…”

Section: Ade As a Cause Of Severe Forms Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenges of Vaccine Development against Betacoronaviruses: Antibody Dependent Enhancement and Sendai Virus as a Possible Vaccine Vector

Zaichuk¹,

Nechipurenko

Adzhubey

et al. 2020

Mol Biol

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To design an effective and safe vaccine against betacoronaviruses, it is necessary to use their evolutionarily conservative antigenic determinants that will elicit the combination of strong humoral and cellmediated immune responses. Targeting such determinants minimizes the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infection. This phenomenon was observed in animal trials of experimental vaccines against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV that were developed based on inactivated coronavirus or vector constructs expressing the spike protein (S) of the virion. The substitution and glycosylation of certain amino acids in the antigenic determinants of the S-protein, as well as its conformational changes, can lead to the same effect in a new experimental vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Using more conservative structural and accessory viral proteins for the vaccine antigenic determinants will help to avoid this problem. This review outlines approaches for developing vaccines against the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that are based on non-pathogenic viral vectors. For efficient prevention of infections caused by respiratory pathogens the ability of the vaccine to stimulate mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract is important. Such a vaccine can be developed using non-pathogenic Sendai virus vector, since it can be administered intranasally and induce a mucosal immune response that strengthens the antiviral barrier in the respiratory tract and provides reliable protection against infection.

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“…Moreover, a rapid MS protocol has been recently developed to detect peptides corresponding to the viral nucleocapsid N protein from nasopharyngeal epithelial swab samples in less than 1 h (Nikolaev et al, 2020). In order to improve serology tests for rapid COVID-19 screening, antibody microarrays detecting SARS-CoV-2 antigens have also been developed, mapping the humoral response of patients with COVID-19 (Wang et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020). Also, Shen et al (2020) have combined isobaric proteomics and untargeted metabolomics with the aim of analyzing molecular perturbances occurring in the sera of patients with SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: Clinical Proteomics In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics Insights Into the Molecular Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: What We Can Learn From the Human Olfactory Axis

et al. 2020

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Like other RNA viruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replicates in host cells, continuously modulating the molecular environment. It encodes 28 multifunctional proteins that induce an imbalance in the metabolic and proteostatic homeostasis in infected cells. Recently, proteomic approaches have allowed the evaluation of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in human cells. Here, we discuss the current use of proteomics in three major application areas: (i) virus-protein interactomics, (ii) differential proteotyping to map the virus-induced changes in different cell types, and (iii) diagnostic methods for coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since the nasal cavity is one of the entry sites for SARS-CoV-2, we will also discuss the potential application of olfactory proteomics to provide novel insights into the olfactory dysfunction triggered by SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19.

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Proteome-wide analysis of differentially-expressed SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in early COVID-19 infection

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

COVID‐19 diagnostic testing: Technology perspective

COVID‐19 diagnostic testing: Technology perspective

The Challenges of Vaccine Development against Betacoronaviruses: Antibody Dependent Enhancement and Sendai Virus as a Possible Vaccine Vector

Proteomics Insights Into the Molecular Basis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: What We Can Learn From the Human Olfactory Axis

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