Proteomic Analysis of Exosomes and Its Application in HIV‐1 Infection

Cheruiyot, Collins; Pataki, Zemplen; Ramratnam, Bharat; Li, Ming

doi:10.1002/prca.201700142

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The association between HIV-1 Gag protein and tetraspanin suggests that HIV-1 assembly may involve lipid raft domains rich in tetraspanins [ 158 ]. In addition, HIV-1 Gag has been shown to interact with CD63 and CD81 located on the surface of some exosomes aiding in virion egress [ 78 ]. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infections intensely increase MVB formation for virions survival and also egress together with exosomes exploiting the same pathway [ 124 ].…”

Section: Exosomal Pathway and Viral Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Insight into the Role of Exosomes in Viral Infection: Dual Faces Bearing Different Functions

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) subtype, exosome is an extracellular nano-vesicle that sheds from cells’ surface and originates as intraluminal vesicles during endocytosis. Firstly, it was thought to be a way for the cell to get rid of unwanted materials as it loaded selectively with a variety of cellular molecules, including RNAs, proteins, and lipids. However, it has been found to play a crucial role in several biological processes such as immune modulation, cellular communication, and their role as vehicles to transport biologically active molecules. The latest discoveries have revealed that many viruses export their viral elements within cellular factors using exosomes. Hijacking the exosomal pathway by viruses influences downstream processes such as viral propagation and cellular immunity and modulates the cellular microenvironment. In this manuscript, we reviewed exosomes biogenesis and their role in the immune response to viral infection. In addition, we provided a summary of how some pathogenic viruses hijacked this normal physiological process. Viral components are harbored in exosomes and the role of these exosomes in viral infection is discussed. Understanding the nature of exosomes and their role in viral infections is fundamental for future development for them to be used as a vaccine or as a non-classical therapeutic strategy to control several viral infections.

show abstract

Section: Exosomal Pathway and Viral Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Insight into the Role of Exosomes in Viral Infection: Dual Faces Bearing Different Functions

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a more inclusive term for nucleus-absent, lipid bilayer particles, including exosomes, that are naturally released from the cell [ 20 ]. EVs released into the extracellular matrix and taken up by adjacent cells impact cellular function of the recipient cells and possess both therapeutic and pathogenic potential [ 21 ]. EVs are thought to be expelled from all cell types and can be isolated from diverse biological fluids including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), plasma, serum, breast milk, lymph, bile and saliva.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An miRNA fingerprint using neural-enriched extracellular vesicles from blood plasma: towards a biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease (ALS/MND) are currently not clinically available for disease diagnosis or analysis of disease progression. If identified, biomarkers could improve patient outcomes by enabling early intervention and assist in the determination of treatment efficacy. We hypothesized that neural-enriched extracellular vesicles could provide microRNA (miRNA) fingerprints with unequivocal signatures of neurodegeneration. Using blood plasma from ALS/MND patients and controls, we extracted neural-enriched extracellular vesicle fractions and conducted next-generation sequencing and qPCR of miRNA components of the transcriptome. We here report eight miRNA sequences which significantly distinguish ALS/MND patients from controls in a replicated experiment using a second cohort of patients and controls. miRNA sequences from patient blood samples using neural-enriched extracellular vesicles may yield unique insights into mechanisms of neurodegeneration and assist in early diagnosis of ALS/MND.

show abstract

“…These exosomes were surface modified with cyclo[RGDyK] and loaded with curcumin, and they were able to cross the blood–brain barrier to reduce inflammation and apoptosis [ 290 ]. Lastly, cyclo[RGDyK] decorated exosomes loaded with miR-210, a robust target of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), were also able to increase survival in mice after brain ischemia [ 291 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Rgd Binding Integrins In Cancer and Tumor Neomentioning

confidence: 99%

RGD-Binding Integrins Revisited: How Recently Discovered Functions and Novel Synthetic Ligands (Re-)Shape an Ever-Evolving Field

Ludwig

Kessler

Kossatz

et al. 2021

Cancers

144

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Integrins have been extensively investigated as therapeutic targets over the last decades, which has been inspired by their multiple functions in cancer progression, metastasis, and angiogenesis as well as a continuously expanding number of other diseases, e.g., sepsis, fibrosis, and viral infections, possibly also Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Although integrin-targeted (cancer) therapy trials did not meet the high expectations yet, integrins are still valid and promising targets due to their elevated expression and surface accessibility on diseased cells. Thus, for the future successful clinical translation of integrin-targeted compounds, revisited and innovative treatment strategies have to be explored based on accumulated knowledge of integrin biology. For this, refined approaches are demanded aiming at alternative and improved preclinical models, optimized selectivity and pharmacological properties of integrin ligands, as well as more sophisticated treatment protocols considering dose fine-tuning of compounds. Moreover, integrin ligands exert high accuracy in disease monitoring as diagnostic molecular imaging tools, enabling patient selection for individualized integrin-targeted therapy. The present review comprehensively analyzes the state-of-the-art knowledge on the roles of RGD-binding integrin subtypes in cancer and non-cancerous diseases and outlines the latest achievements in the design and development of synthetic ligands and their application in biomedical, translational, and molecular imaging approaches. Indeed, substantial progress has already been made, including advanced ligand designs, numerous elaborated pre-clinical and first-in-human studies, while the discovery of novel applications for integrin ligands remains to be explored.

show abstract

Proteomic Analysis of Exosomes and Its Application in HIV‐1 Infection

Cited by 12 publications

References 71 publications

A Comprehensive Insight into the Role of Exosomes in Viral Infection: Dual Faces Bearing Different Functions

A Comprehensive Insight into the Role of Exosomes in Viral Infection: Dual Faces Bearing Different Functions

An miRNA fingerprint using neural-enriched extracellular vesicles from blood plasma: towards a biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease

RGD-Binding Integrins Revisited: How Recently Discovered Functions and Novel Synthetic Ligands (Re-)Shape an Ever-Evolving Field

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About