Proteomic Analysis of Hippocampus and Cortex in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Model Mice Showing Dementia

Abstract

Aim Diabetes with its associated hyperglycemia induces various type of peripheral damage and also impairs the central nervous system (CNS). This study is aimed at clarifying the precise mechanism of diabetes-induced dementia as an impairment of CNS. Methods The proteomic analysis of the hippocampus and cortex in streptozotocin- (STZ-) treated mouse diabetic model showing dementia was performed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by mass spectrometry (n = 3/group). Results Significant changes in the expression of 32 proteins and 7 phosphoproteins were observed in the hippocampus and cortex. These identified proteins and phosphoproteins could be functionally classified as cytoskeletal protein, oxidoreductase, protein deubiquitination, energy metabolism, GTPase activation, heme binding, hydrolase, iron storage, neurotransmitter release, protease inhibitor, transcription, glycolysis, antiapoptosis, calcium ion binding, heme metabolic process, protein degradation, vesicular transport, and unknown in the hippocampus or cortex. Additionally, Western blotting validated the changes in translationally controlled tumor protein, ATP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetase beta subunit, and gamma-enolase isoform 1. Conclusions These findings showed that STZ-induced diabetes changed the expression of proteins and phosphoproteins in the hippocampus and cortex. We propose that alterations in expression levels of these proteins play an important role in diabetes-induced dementia.

Translationally controlled tumor protein restores memory and synaptic function lost in animal models of dementia

“…TCTP is also present in the brain as in most other organ systems. TCTP mRNA and protein are widely expressed in most regions of the adult brain, including cerebral cortex and hippocampus [3,[11][12][13][14][15]. TCTP transcript or protein was observed to localize in the axonal compartment of embryonic and adult neurons, implicating its synaptic functions [3,12,16].…”

Cognitive dysfunction: A growing link between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease

“…Proteomic analysis in brain regions like cortex and hippocampus of diabetic mice revealed changes in expression of 7 phosphoproteins and 32 proteins. This suggests the possibility of altered protein expression as a reason behind the development of diabetes associated dementia (Matsuura, Otani, Takano, Kadoyama, & Matsuyama, ). Apart from the factors responsible for cognitive impairment in diabetes, there is a role played by complications like diabetic retinopathy and diabetic kidney disease in this condition.…”