Proteomic Analysis Provides New Insights in Phosphorus Homeostasis Subjected to Pi (Inorganic Phosphate) Starvation in Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Abstract

Phosphorus is a major nutrient acquired by plants via high-affinity inorganic phosphate (Pi) transporters. To determine the adaptation and homeostasis strategy to Pi starvation, we compared the proteome analysis of tomato leaves that were treated with and without Pi (as KH2PO4) for 10 days. Among 600 reproducible proteins on 2-DE gels 46 of them were differentially expressed. These proteins were involved in major metabolic pathways, including photosynthesis, transcriptional/translational regulations, carbohydrate/energy metabolism, protein synthesis, defense response, and other secondary metabolism. The results also showed that the reduction in photosynthetic pigments lowered P content under –Pi treatments. Furthermore, high-affinity Pi transporters (lePT1 and lePT2) expressed in higher amounts under –Pi treatments. Also, the accumulation of Pi transporters was observed highly in the epidermis and palisade parenchyma under +Pi treatments compared to –Pi treatments. Our data suggested that tomato plants developed reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechanisms to cope with low Pi content, including the up-regulation of proteins mostly involved in important metabolic pathways. Moreover, Pi-starved tomato plants increased their internal Pi utilization efficiency by increasing the Pi transporter genes and their rational localization. These results thus provide imperative information about how tomato plants respond to Pi starvation and its homeostasis.

Plant and soil P determine functional attributes of subalpine Australian plants

“…Recent genomic and proteomic studies with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana argue that there is programmed down-regulation of gene expression for photosynthesis under P starvation, with simultaneous up-regulation of genes encoding photoprotective measures and systemsscavenging reactive oxygen species (Misson et al 2005;Morcuende et al 2007;Wu et al 2003). Similar results have been found in other herbaceous species, including maize (Zhang et al 2014), tomato (Muneer and Jeong 2015), and rice (Park et al 2012).…”

“…Numerous studies suggest that native Australian plants with specialized root systems can tolerate reduced soil phosphorus availability (Lambers et al 2012;Sulpice et al 2014), and that plants exhibit strong short-term responses to P stress (Muneer and Jeong 2015;Zhang et al 2014). Our field-based study is unique in considering the chemical and physiological adaptations of generalist plants (i.e., without specialized root structures) of a variety of life forms to longterm limitation of P supply.…”

Effects of phosphorus deficiency on the absorption of mineral nutrients, photosynthetic system performance and antioxidant metabolism in Citrus grandis

“…As result, the grain yield or production of crops was compromised by P deficiency [ 9 , 17 , 18 ]. Short-term P deprivation not only reduced P concentration but also decreased the total chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid content in tomato seedlings [ 19 ].…”

Quantitative Proteomics Reveals that GmENO2 Proteins Are Involved in Response to Phosphate Starvation in the Leaves of Glycine max L.

“…Compared with the root parts, low P triggers a set of shoot traits under both vegetative and reproductive stages, including dark-green or purple leaves due to anthocyanin accumulation, reduced leaf area and leaf numbers, and less final production. In tomato, proteomic analysis revealed that scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was induced to cope with low P content in the leaves [ 4 ]. Low phosphate reduces photosynthetic pigments and disturbs all the processes of in the photosynthetic machinery [ 5 ], as well as changes to primary carbon metabolism and other primary and secondary metabolism pathways [ 6 , 7 ].…”