Proteomic analysis revealed the altered tear protein profile in a rabbit model of Sjögren's syndrome-associated dry eye

Zhou, Lanlan; Wei, Ruihua; Zhao, Ping; Koh, Siew Kwan; Beuerman, Roger W.; Ding, Chuanqing

doi:10.1002/pmic.201200230

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Zhou et al [576] have reported on similarities to human dry eye tear protein expression in a rabbit model of Sjögren syndrome-associated dry eye induced autoimmune dacryoadenitis (Table 10). The expression of S100A6, S100A9, and serum albumin was upregulated in this model, whereas TF, PIP, polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) and Ig gamma chain C region were downregulated.…”

Section: Translational Dry Eye Animal Models Of Tear Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

TFOS DEWS II Tear Film Report

et al. 2017

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The members of the Tear Film Subcommittee reviewed the role of the tear film in dry eye disease (DED). The Subcommittee reviewed biophysical and biochemical aspects of tears and how these change in DED. Clinically, DED is characterized by loss of tear volume, more rapid breakup of the tear film and increased evaporation of tears from the ocular surface. The tear film is composed of many substances including lipids, proteins, mucins and electrolytes. All of these contribute to the integrity of the tear film but exactly how they interact is still an area of active research. Tear film osmolarity increases in DED. Changes to other components such as proteins and mucins can be used as biomarkers for DED. The Subcommittee recommended areas for future research to advance our understanding of the tear film and how this changes with DED. The final report was written after review by all Subcommittee members and the entire TFOS DEWS II membership.

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Section: Translational Dry Eye Animal Models Of Tear Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

TFOS DEWS II Tear Film Report

et al. 2017

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“…21 As a first-line vertebrate immune defense, the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor transports polymeric IgA and IgM across the epithelium to mucosal secretions, whereby the cleaved ectodomain becomes a component of secretory antibodies or when the unbound ligand form binds and excludes bacteria. 22 The fact that inflammation-associated proteins were downregulated after treatment indicates that a regional inhibitory inflammatory reaction occurred.…”

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confidence: 99%

Proteomic analysis of tears following acupuncture treatment for menopausal dry eye disease by two-dimensional nano-liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

Liu¹,

Liu²,

Ren³

et al. 2017

IJN

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Background The purpose of this study was to investigate whether acupuncture is effective at treating dry eye disease among postmenopausal women and to identify the possible mechanisms. Methods Twenty-eight postmenopausal women with dry eye disease were randomly divided into two groups: an acupuncture plus artificial tears (AC + AT) group and an artificial tears (AT) only group. After baseline examination of clinical parameters and tear sample collection, each patient received the designated modality of topical therapy for 2 months. Post-treatment documentation of clinical parameters was recorded, and tear samples were collected. Tear samples from the AC + AT group were subjected to two-dimensional nano-liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (2D nano-LC-MS/MS). Western blot analysis was also performed on tear samples from both groups. Results After treatment, the Ocular Surface Disease Index scores, symptom assessment scores, scores of sign assessment, and tear break-up time were significantly improved in both groups ( P =0.000). Symptom assessment scores were significantly improved in the AC + AT group ( P =0.000) compared with the AT group. 2D nano-LC-MS/MS identified 2,411 proteins, among which 142 were downregulated and 169 were upregulated. After combined AC + AT treatment, the abundance of secreted proteins was increased, whereas that of cytoplasmic proteins decreased (Pearson’s χ 2 test, P =0.000, P =0.000, respectively). Proteins involved in immunity and regulation were also more abundant (Pearson’s χ 2 test, P =0.040, P =0.016, respectively), while components and proliferation-related proteins were downregulated (Pearson’s χ 2 test, P =0.003, P =0.011, respectively). Conclusion AC + AT treatment increased protein synthesis and secretion, and improved clinical symptoms. These results indicate that acupuncture may be a complimentary therapy for treating postmenopausal dry eye disease.

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“…A number of studies have verified these basic proteomic findings [10][11][12]. Furthermore, a similar change in the tear proteome was also observed in a rabbit model of Sjögren's syndrome-associated dry eye [13]. Proteomic studies have consistently found that levels of proinflammatory proteins indicating ocular surface inflammation were marked by well-known inflammation-related proteins (S100 A8 and S100 A9) [14].…”

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confidence: 61%

The power of tears: how tear proteomics research could revolutionize the clinic

Zhou

Beuerman

2017

Expert Review of Proteomics

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A thin layer of tears covers the ocular surface. The tears are a complex fluid comprised of secretions from a number of sources including the lacrimal gland, goblet cells, cornea, and vascular sources. The tear film provides an optically smooth surface for focusing light onto the retina as well as lubrication, prevention of dehydration of the mucosal surface, protection against pathogens, and nutrition for the underlying corneal and conjunctiva epithelial cells [1]. The tears contain thousands of molecules including proteins/peptides, lipids, electrolytes, and small molecule metabolites secreted from the main and accessory lacrimal glands, meibomian glands, goblet cells, and ocular surface epithelial cells [1]. The updated three-layer model of tear film consists of an outer lipid layer (outer nonpolar lipid sub-layer and inner polar lipid sub-layer with intercalated proteins), a middle aqueous layer, and an inner mucin layer with molecular interactions with the membranes of the corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. In healthy eyes, the thickness of the tear film is around 5 µm [2] and the volume is about 5-10 µl [1].Despite the small volume for sampling, tear fluid offers several advantages for biochemical analysis. Tears are usually collected noninvasively using Schirmer's strips, other absorbent materials, or fire-polished microcapillary tubes. However, care must be taken not to activate the corneal nerves and induce reflex tears as there is a dramatic difference in the tear protein profile between the two, with reflex tending to be more dilute than basal tears [1]. Tears can be easily obtained from healthy subjects, which is often required as a control group for 'Omics' studies, whereas other ocular fluids (i.e. aqueous humor and vitreous) are not feasible for collection from healthy people. The biggest advantage is that tears are close to the disease site (for instance, ocular surface disease, lacrimal gland disease, etc.) as compared to detecting cancer biomarkers in blood, where biomarker molecules are highly diluted. The total protein concentration of human tears ranges from 6 to 11 mg/ml. Lysozyme, the most abundant tear protein, is approximately 1-mg/ml. Unlike plasma, depletion of abundant tear proteins such as albumin is not necessary and good quality tear proteome coverage can be obtained. This simplifies sample preparation without worrying about the possible loss of tear proteins during the depletion process.Over the past decade, advances in mass spectrometry (MS) and proteomics/metabolomics/lipidomics/glycomics technology CONTACT Lei Zhou

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Proteomic analysis revealed the altered tear protein profile in a rabbit model of Sjögren's syndrome-associated dry eye

Cited by 48 publications

References 42 publications

TFOS DEWS II Tear Film Report

TFOS DEWS II Tear Film Report

Proteomic analysis of tears following acupuncture treatment for menopausal dry eye disease by two-dimensional nano-liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

The power of tears: how tear proteomics research could revolutionize the clinic

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